A 43‑year‑old woman developed eye inflammation (optic neuritis and scleritis) about a month after starting semaglutide. Tests ruled out other autoimmune causes, and steroids cleared the problem in three months. The report suggests semaglutide might, in rare cases, trigger inflammatory eye issues.

Given the documented increased risk of non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), the widespread use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) has raised concerns regarding their ophthalmic safety. This study presents a unique case of inflammatory optic neuritis and scleritis in a 43-year-old female one month following commencement of semaglutide. Extensive investigations for underlying systemic causes, including autoimmune and connective tissue disorders were negative. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids led to a gradual resolution of symptoms and return of vision to baseline over a three-month period. This case highlights a potential link between semaglutide and inflammatory ocular conditions. Clinicians should maintain an open mind when evaluating optic neuropathies in the context of GLP-1 RA use and consider corticosteroid-responsive inflammatory aetiologies as alternatives to NAION. Multicentre population-based cohort studies are warranted to determine whether a true association exists and to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying semaglutide-associated ocular inflammation.