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Examorelin, HEX
A synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates GH release by acting on the ghrelin receptor in the pituitary and hypothalamus.
Zhang. Xinli X; Qu. Linbing L; Chen. Ling L; Chen. Chen C
In diabetic rats, giving the peptide hexarelin for two weeks helped heart cells work better by fixing calcium balance, potassium currents, and reducing cell death signals. This suggests hexarelin could protect the heart from diabetesârelated damage, at least in animals.
Luque. E M EM; Carlini. V P VP; Vincenti. L M LM; Puechagut. P P; Stutz. G G; Santillán. M E ME...
Hexarelin, a drug that mimics the hunger hormone ghrelin, can lower the number of eggs released in female mice and, when given during pregnancy, speeds up baby mouse development but also harms memory later in life, especially in females. The same memory problems show up in adult mice given the drug continuously.
McDonald. Hayley H; Peart. Jason J; Kurniawan. Nyoman N; Galloway. Graham G; Royce. Simon S; Samuel....
In mice that had a heart attack, giving the synthetic peptide hexarelin for three weeks helped the heart pump better, reduced scar tissue, lowered inflammation, and shifted the nervous system toward a more relaxed (parasympathetic) state. These effects suggest hexarelin could aid heart healing, but the work was done in animals, not people.
Pang. Jinjiang J; Xu. Qihua Q; Xu. Xiangbin X; Yin. Hongchao H; Xu. Rongkun R; Guo. Shu S; Hao. Wei...
In rats fed a highâfat diet and vitamin D3, the peptide hexarelin (a growthâhormoneâreleasing peptide) reduced the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques, improved the goodâtoâbad cholesterol ratio, boosted nitricâoxide production in blood vessels, and slowed the growth of vascular smoothâmuscle cells and foamâcell formation.
Rodrigue-Way. Amélie A; Demers. Annie A; Ong. Huy H; Tremblay. André A
A study in mouse fat cells and mice shows that hexarelin, a growthâhormoneâreleasing peptide, can make white fat act more like brown fat â it burns more fat, builds more mitochondria, and turns on âheatâmakingâ genes. This effect needs the CD36 receptor and was not seen in mice that lack CD36.
Agbo. Elvis E; Liu. Donhai D; Li. Meixiu M; Saahene. Roland Osei RO; Chen. Liqiang L; Zhao. Lunpeng...
In a rat study, giving the peptide hexarelin twice daily for a month helped hearts recover after a heart attack. It worked by boosting a protein called PTEN and turning down the Akt/mTOR pathway, which together reduced heart damage, oxidative stress, and improved heart pumping ability.
Dahlgren. David D; Olander. Tobias T; Sjöblom. Markus M; Hedeland. Mikael M; Lennernäs. Ha...
In rats, adding the gutâopening agents chitosan or EDTA to the intestinal lumen made it easier for the peptide hexarelin (and a smaller peptide, enalaprilat) to cross into the bloodstream. This shows that certain âparacellularâ enhancers can boost oral absorption of hydrophilic peptides, though the study was done in animals and didnât test a real oral dosing protocol.
Argiolas. Antonio A; Melis. Maria Rosaria MR
In rats, a brain area called the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) controls erections by using oxytocinâproducing neurons. These neurons can be turned on by things like dopamine, certain amino acids, oxytocin itself, or electrical stimulation, leading to an erection, while they are shut down by GABA, opioids, or similar drugs. The study found that peptide versions of hexarelin, a growthâhormoneâreleasing peptide, can also activate these PVN neurons and help produce erections, suggesting a possible new way to boost sexual function.
Westberg. C C; Benkestock. K K; Fatouros. A A; Svensson. M M; Sjöström. B B
Hexarelin taken by mouth is barely absorbed (about 0.3% gets into the bloodstream) because gut enzymes quickly break it down, especially at a lysine spot. Adding certain protease blockers or substances that open up the gut lining can slow this breakdown and let a bit more get through, but overall absorption stays low.
Marleau. Sylvie S; Mulumba. Mukandila M; Lamontagne. Daniel D; Ong. Huy H
The paper reviews studies where growthâhormoneâreleasing peptides like hexarelin have been tested in animals and some heartâfailure patients. It suggests these peptides can improve heart muscle function and reduce damage in both ischemic (blockedâartery) and nonâischemic cardiomyopathies, but most evidence is still preâclinical or from small clinical trials.
Berti. F F; Müller. E E; De Gennaro Colonna. V V; Rossoni. G G
In rats that lack growth hormone, giving the peptide hexarelin helped protect the heart from damage caused by reduced blood flow and improved how the heart and blood vessels responded after the stress.
Mosa. Rasha R; Huang. Lili L; Wu. Yeda Y; Fung. Chungyan C; Mallawakankanamalage. Oshini O; LeRoith....
In a mouse study, giving the peptide hexarelin twice a day for 12 days lowered blood sugar problems, cut down fat in the blood and liver, and changed body composition by reducing fat and increasing lean muscle, even though the mice ate more. These results hint that hexarelin could help with insulin resistance and unwanted fat, but the work was done in a specific mouse model, not people.
Gianotti. L L; Ramunni. J J; Lanfranco. F F; Maccagno. B B; Giordano. R R; Broglio. F F; Maccario. M...
Giving a dose of recombinant IGFâI raises blood IGFâI levels but doesnât change the body's baseline stress hormones (ACTH and cortisol). Both CRH and the GHâreleasing peptide hexarelin normally spike ACTH and cortisol, and IGFâI pretreatment doesnât affect those spikes. However, IGFâI does blunt the GH surge that hexarelin normally causes.
Roumi. M M; Kwong. E E; Deghenghi. R R; Locatelli. V V; Marleau. S S; Du Souich. P P; Béliveau....
The study shows that hexarelin and a similar peptide, EP 51389, barely get through the gut lining, so taking them by mouth wonât deliver much into the bloodstream. Hexarelin mostly slips through cells passively, while EP 51389 is pumped out and even blocks a gut protein (Pâgp) that normally pushes drugs out.
Demers. Annie A; McNicoll. Normand N; Febbraio. Maria M; Servant. Marc M; Marleau. Sylvie S; Silvers...
Researchers discovered that hexarelin, a peptide many biohackers use to boost growth hormone, also sticks to a protein called CD36 that helps cells take up bad cholesterol. By binding to the same spot that oxidized LDL uses, hexarelin might block this harmful uptake and could help protect against artery plaque, at least in mouse studies.
Pontiroli. AE AE
This review says most peptide hormones canât be taken as pills, but spraying them into the nose works well and is easy to use. Some hormones like desmopressin and oxytocin are already sold for nasal use, and hexarelin â a growthâhormoneâreleasing peptide â looks especially promising for this route, though it isnât on the market yet.
Nagamine. J J; Nagata. R R; Seki. H H; Nomura-Akimaru. N N; Ueki. Y Y; Kumagai. K K; Taiji. M M; Nog...
SM-130686 is a new pillâtype compound that tricks the bodyâs ghrelin receptor into releasing growth hormone. In rats, a single dose raised GH levels for up to an hour, and giving the drug twice daily for nine days boosted lean body mass and IGFâ1, similar to giving growth hormone itself.
Sibilia. V V; Cocchi. D D; Pagani. F F; Lattuada. N N; Moro. G L GL; Pecile. A A; Rubinacci. A A; Mu...
In a rat study, the peptide hexarelin (a strong growthâhormone releaser) was given twice daily for a month. In normal rats it lowered markers of bone breakdown but didnât change bone density. In rats that had their testes removed (a model of low testosterone and bone loss), hexarelin stopped the rise in boneâresorption markers, kept boneâformation activity up, and prevented the loss of bone density in the spine and thigh bone.
Colao. A A; Marzullo. P P; Di Somma. C C; Lombardi. G G
Growth hormone (GH) can both help and hurt the heart. Too much GH, as seen in acromegaly, can cause thickened heart walls and scar tissue, while not enough GH can make the heart walls thin and stiff, leading to poor pumping. Replacing GH in deficient people or carefully lowering it in excess can improve heart structure and function, and early studies even suggest GH might help people with chronic heart failure, though more research is needed.
Broglio. F F; Arvat. E E; Benso. A A; Gottero. C C; Muccioli. G G; Papotti. M M; van der Lely. A J A...
In a small study of healthy young adults, giving the natural hormone ghrelin caused a big jump in growth hormone, raised blood sugar, and lowered insulin. The synthetic GH secretagogue hexarelin also boosted growth hormone but did NOT change blood sugar or insulin levels. This suggests hexarelin can raise GH without the immediate metabolic sideâeffects seen with ghrelin.