A study found a specific genetic change in the KISS1 gene (rs1213704663C>G) that’s linked to a higher chance of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to higher LH and estrogen levels, but it doesn’t change kisspeptin levels. This isn’t a treatment, just a genetic risk marker.

<b>Background</b>: Variations in <i>KISS1</i> may be an emerging factor in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) We hypothesised links between <i>KISS1</i> polymorphisms in PCOS and its associated endocrine and metabolic disturbances. <b>Methods</b>: The study included 104 PCOS women and 109 controls. Endocrine (kisspeptin, LH, FSH, LH-FSH ratio, oestradiol) and metabolic (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, insulin and glucose) parameters were measured. PCR and nucleotide sequencing were carried out to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of <i>KISS1</i>. Endocrine and metabolic parameters of PCOS women were compared in the genotypes. <b>Results</b>: Three novel SNPs (rs1213704663C&gt;G, rs1481572212T&gt;G and rs775770652G&gt;A) were detected in <i>KISS1</i>. Of these SNPs, the genotype and allele frequencies of rs1213704663C&gt;G were all significantly associated p&lt;0.001 with PCOS. The LH and oestradiol hypersecretion, and increased LH-FSH ratio of PCOS women were significantly influenced by the GG genotype of rs1213704663, but, this SNP did not influence kisspeptin levels. The other two SNPs rs1481572212T&gt;G and rs775770652G&gt;A exhibited no clinical significance. <b>Conclusion</b>: rs1213704663C&gt;G variation in <i>KISS1</i> is linked to PCOS and its associated endocrine and metabolic disturbances (LH and oestradiol hypersecretion, and increased LH/FSH).