A study of 770 women found that two common genetic changes in the KISS1 gene are linked to a higher risk of polycystic ovary syndrome, while a third change is not. This tells us that variations in the KISS1 gene may influence reproductive health, but it doesn't provide any advice on using kisspeptin‑10 as a supplement or treatment.

<i>KISS1</i> play an essential role in human reproductive functions by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Loss-of-function mutations in this gene have been frequently identified in patients with different reproductive disorders. We hypothesised links between <i>KISS1</i> polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In order to find links between <i>KISS1</i> polymorphisms rs4889 C &gt;&#xa0;G, rs12998 G &gt;&#xa0;A, and rs35431622 A &gt;&#xa0;G with PCOS, 770 blood samples were obtained from 385 control and 385 PCOS women. DNA was extracted, and genotyped for <i>KISS1</i> variants by PCR. rs12998 G &gt;&#xa0;A was linked to PCOS in dominant (p&#xa0;&lt;&#xa0;0.001), recessive (p&#xa0;&lt;&#xa0;0.001), co-dominant (p&#xa0;&lt;&#xa0;0.001), and allelic models (p&#xa0;&lt;&#xa0;0.001). In addition, rs4889 C &gt;&#xa0;G was linked in recessive, dominant, co-dominant, and allelic models (p&#xa0;&lt;&#xa0;0.001). rs35431622 A &gt;&#xa0;G was not linked to PCOS. Further analysis indicated that C-G-G haplotype was more common and G-A-G haplotype was less prevalent in cases compared with controls. <i>KISS1</i> variants rs12998 G &gt;&#xa0;A and rs4889 C &gt;&#xa0;G may be linked to the pathophysiology of PCOS.