Molecular coevolution of kisspeptins and their receptors from fish to mammals.
Um. Haet Nim HN; Han. Ji Man JM; Hwang. Jong-Ik JI; Hong. Sung In SI; Vaudry. Hubert H; Seong. Jae Young JY
Key Findings
- Kisspeptin and GPR54 genes duplicated during vertebrate evolution, creating multiple isoforms (KiSS1, KiSS2, KiSS1b and GPR54-1, GPR54-2, GPR54-1b).
- Phylogenetic and genome‑synteny analyses reveal distinct evolutionary lineages for these ligand‑receptor pairs.
- The study proposes possible selective interactions between specific kisspeptin isoforms and GPR54 receptor subtypes.
Practical Outcomes
- For biohackers and self‑experimenters, this research does not provide actionable dosing, safety, or performance guidance. It mainly offers background on the evolutionary diversity of kisspeptin systems, which may be of academic interest but has no direct protocol implications.
Summary
The study maps how kisspeptin peptides and their GPR54 receptors have changed over evolution from fish to mammals, showing multiple gene copies and variations across species. It’s a basic science investigation of gene history, not a test of how kisspeptin-10 works in humans or how to use it for health.
Abstract
Kisspeptin and its receptor, GPR54, play a pivotal role in vertebrate reproduction. Recent advances in bioinformatic tools combined with comparative genomics have led to the identification of a large number of kisspeptin and GPR54 genes in a variety of vertebrate species. Genome duplications may have produced at least two isoforms of both ligand (KiSS1 and KiSS2) and receptor (GPR54-1 and GPR54-2). Additional isoforms of kisspeptin (KiSS1b) and GPR54 (GPR54-1b) have been found in an amphibian species, Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis. Here, we describe the evolutionary lineages of these kisspeptin and GPR54 isoforms using genome synteny and phylogenetic analyses, and possible molecular interactions between kisspeptin and GPR54 subtypes based on ligand-receptor selectivity. Together, kisspeptin and GPR54 provide an excellent model for understanding molecular coevolution of the peptide ligand and GPCR pairs.
Study Information
pubmed
2010
2010-07-01T00:00:00.000Z
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05508.x
86
26