In France, men with aggressive prostate cancer who start the hormone drug triptorelin usually stick with it for a full year, especially when doctors choose a 3‑month injection based on guidelines and tumor grade. Most patients keep taking the drug continuously, and the safety profile is as expected, with no surprise side effects, though sexual function tends to worsen.

Data on modalities of real-world use of androgen deprivation therapy, such as triptorelin, in men with prostate cancer (PCa) are lacking. To describe the real-world management of triptorelin treatment over 12 months following treatment initiation in France, and to gain a better understanding of the choices being made about planned total treatment duration, formulation, and route of administration. TALISMAN was a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal, non-interventional study. Patients with PCa eligible for triptorelin treatment for at least 12 months were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. The primary objective was to describe the proportion of patients treated continuously with triptorelin during the 12 months following treatment initiation. Planned total duration of treatment, formulation, administration route, and reasons for these choices were evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Quality-of-life and safety data were collected. Overall, 806 patients were enrolled, of whom 787 patients were included in the analysis. Mean (standard deviation) age was 74.0 (7.9) years, the main circumstance of prescription of triptorelin was a high-risk localized tumor (41.1%). Planned total duration of treatment at baseline was most commonly 24-36 months, and the main reasons for the choice of duration were Gleason score and guideline recommendations. Most patients (72.5%) received the 3-month subcutaneous formulation at baseline; main reasons for choice of formulation and route were physician preference and planned total duration of treatment. Overall, 85.3% (95% confidence interval (82.6, 87.7)) of patients received a continuous 12-month treatment with triptorelin, and 69.1% of patients undertook at least one supportive care pathway during the study period. Patients reported an increase in hormonal treatment-related symptoms and worsening of sexual activity and functioning. There were no new or unexpected safety findings. In France, compliance with continuous triptorelin treatment for 12 months is high and prescribing aligns with guideline recommendations. NCT04593420.