The study tested giving a hormone drug called triptorelin to mother pigs before a single timed insemination. It didn’t change how many got pregnant or gave birth, but it made more sows have slightly shorter pregnancies and longer nursing periods, and it shifted piglet weights toward heavier babies. For people interested in using peptides for human health, the findings are mostly about pig farming and don’t give clear, actionable advice for humans.

Single fixed-time artificial insemination (SFTAI) provides a streamlined approach to improving reproductive management. We evaluated the impact of incorporating triptorelin acetate (GnRH agonist) into a SFTAI protocol on a commercial farm. Hyperprolific sows not in estrus by day 4 post-weaning were randomly assigned to two groups. Group-1 (G1; <i>n</i> = 243) received no triptorelin treatment and daily post-cervical artificial inseminations (PCAI) based on estrus detection (2.59&#xb1;0.034 inseminations/sow). Group-2 (G2; <i>n</i> = 249) received a single intravaginal dose of triptorelin (0.2 mg) at 96 &#xb1; 2 h post-weaning, then one PCAI 22 &#xb1; 2 h later. No significant differences (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05) between groups in conception rate (G1: 98.8 %; G2: 97.6 %), farrowing rate (G1:95.1 %; G2: 94.4 %) or litter characteristics (total born, live-, stillborn and mummified piglets). Both groups showed similar delivery batch durations (<i>P</i> = 0.414). Distribution of deliveries during the delivery period was similar (<i>P</i> = 0.455). Induction of labor was need more frequently in G1 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). G2 had a higher proportion of sows with shorter gestations (112-115 days: 166/235, 70.6 %) compared to G1 (112-115 days: 82/231; 35.5 %, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of G2 piglets received longer lactation (27 - 33 days) compared to G1 (2210/3023=73.1 % vs 2774/4395=63.1 %; <i>P</i> = 0.032). G1 had a higher proportion of low-weight piglets (&#x2264;4.0 kg; 716/43950= 16.3 % vs.435/3023= 14.4 %; while G2 had more heavy piglets (&#x2265;6.5 kg; 1228/3023=40.5 % vs.1675/4395= 38.1 %) (<i>P</i> = 0.027). Observed differences in lactation length could be responsible for these weaning weight differences, rather than triptorelin treatment itself. This protocol did not worsen productive and reproductive performances.