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Sermorelin, Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (1-29), hGRF(1-29)NH2
A synthetic peptide analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete growth hormone.
Valcavi. R R; Jordan. V V; Dieguez. C C; John. R R; Manicardi. E E; Portioli. I I; Rodriguez-Arnao....
In people with an underactive thyroid, the body doesn't release as much growth hormone (GH) when given the peptide GRF 1-29. Giving thyroid hormone (T4) restores the thyroid and makes the GH response to GRF 1-29 much stronger.
Davis. J R JR; Sheppard. M C MC; Shakespear. R A RA; Lynch. S S SS; Clayton. R N RN
A short study gave four healthy men a steady 10‑hour infusion of the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide GRF‑1‑29. GH levels rose in pulses during the infusion, but after the infusion the same dose given as a quick shot produced a weaker and inconsistent GH response, hinting that the pituitary may become less responsive after continuous exposure.
Jordan. V V; Dieguez. C C; Lafaffian. I I; Rodriguez-Arnao. M D MD; Gomez-Pan. A A; Hall. R R; Scanl...
The study shows that when you take the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide GRF‑1‑29, drugs that block dopamine or alpha‑adrenergic receptors don’t change its ability to boost GH, but drugs that block acetylcholine (like atropine) do blunt the GH surge. Thyrotropin‑releasing hormone (TRH) also doesn’t interfere with GRF‑1‑29’s effect.
Coy. D H DH; Murphy. W A WA; Lance. V A VA; Heiman. M L ML
Researchers tested many tiny changes to the first part of the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide (GRF‑1‑29). Swapping some natural amino acids for their mirror‑image (D‑) versions made the peptide work better, while adding extra rigidity or other unusual building blocks usually stopped it from working.
Hernández. M M; Fragoso. J J; Barrio. R R; Argente. J J; Arilla. E E
Giving the peptide GRF‑1‑29 (a short version of growth‑hormone‑releasing hormone) to 11 short‑stature kids for six months made them grow faster, even though their overall GH and IGF‑I levels didn’t change much. The treatment was well‑tolerated and didn’t alter the normal daily GH pulse pattern.
Fournier. A A; Wang. C T CT; Felix. A M AM
The study shows that using the BOP chemical reagent makes it easier and faster to build the GRF‑1‑29 peptide on a solid support compared to older methods like DCC. Most amino acids can be added in a single step, giving higher yields and good purity, while a few tricky spots (like Asn) still need extra steps. The method also works with unprotected hydroxy‑amino acids and tyrosine, but only for a short number of cycles.
Ranke. M B MB; Gruhler. M M; Rosskamp. R R; Brügmann. G G; Attanasio. A A; Blum. W F WF; Bieric...
The study shows that a single IV dose of growth‑hormone‑releasing factor (GRF‑1‑29) reliably triggers a GH surge in healthy people and can be used to spot growth‑hormone deficiency. A GH level above 10 ng/ml after the test is considered normal, and the shorter GRF‑1‑29 works just as well as the longer GRF‑1‑40.
Coy. D H DH; Murphy. W A WA; Lance. V A VA; Heiman. M L ML
The study shows that cutting off the tail end of the growth‑hormone‑releasing factor (GRF) peptide makes it much weaker, and only a few tweaks to the front end can partly rescue activity—but even the best‑modified short versions are still far less effective than the full‑length 1‑29 peptide.
Barenton. B B; Duclos. M M; Diaz. J J; Deletang. F F; Dulor. J P JP; Blanchard. M M; Charrier. J J
In baby and teen lambs, a single shot of growth hormone‑releasing hormone (GRF‑1‑29) quickly spikes growth hormone levels, and doing this every day for three weeks makes the response even stronger. The hormone works the same whether you use the short (1‑29) or longer (1‑44) version, and the pituitary doesn’t get used up or stop responding.
Borkenstein. M M
A tiny study gave five short kids a nasal spray of a synthetic hormone-releasing peptide (GRF 1‑29) and saw a quick jump in their growth hormone levels, peaking around 15 minutes and staying higher for at least two hours. No serious side effects were seen except a mild nose burn in one child.
Hodate. K K; Johke. T T; Ohashi. S S
In baby cows, the short version of the growth‑hormone‑releasing factor (GRF 1‑29) works just as well as the longer version (GRF 44), and a tiny tweak—adding a D‑alanine at position 2—makes it even stronger and longer‑lasting. This hints that the shorter peptide could be enough for humans, and the D‑Ala2 version might need a lower dose for the same effect.
Tou. J S JS; Kaempfe. L A LA; Vineyard. B D BD; Buonomo. F C FC; Della-Fera. M A MA; Baile. C A CA
Scientists tweaked the first 29 building blocks of the natural growth‑hormone‑releasing hormone to make it more water‑friendly on one side and fat‑friendly on the other (amphiphilic). The new versions, with up to eight changes, gave a stronger boost in growth hormone when injected into sheep compared to an older version of the peptide.
Greco. M M; Cappa. M M; Perruzza. I I; Rizzoni. G G
In kids with kidney disease, doing hormone challenge tests before giving growth hormone didn't help predict how much they would grow, so those tests aren't useful for deciding whether to start treatment.
Coy. D H DH; Murphy. W A WA; Sueiras-Diaz. J J; Coy. E J EJ; Lance. V A VA
Scientists tweaked the first few building blocks of the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide (GRF‑1‑29) and found that swapping them for mirror‑image (D‑) amino acids can make the peptide 12‑ to 38‑fold more powerful at triggering growth hormone release in rats. Some specific changes (like D‑Ala at position 2) were especially effective, while others killed the activity.
Felix. A M AM; Lu. Y A YA; Campbell. R M RM
Scientists attached polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to a short version of the growth‑hormone‑releasing hormone (GRF‑1‑29) to see if the peptide would still work. They found that where you put the PEG matters: attaching it to the ends of the peptide (especially the C‑terminal end) keeps the hormone‑releasing activity, while attaching it to the front or certain middle spots makes it weaker.
Bongers. J J; Liu. W W; Lambros. T T; Breddam. K K; Campbell. R M RM; Felix. A M AM; Heimer. E P EP
Scientists showed that an enzyme called GSE from Bacillus can stitch together a modified growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide (GRF‑1‑29) more efficiently than the older V8 protease, especially when the right chemical “leaving group” is attached to the donor piece. This reduces unwanted breakdown and boosts the amount of final product.
Ko. F Y FY; Chen. W P WP; Lin. C Y CY
Giving a single dose of the peptide GRF‑1‑29 to kids triggers a spike in their blood growth hormone about 45 minutes later. Normal kids reach high levels, while growth‑hormone‑deficient kids still respond but to a much lower peak. About one‑fifth of the deficient kids barely responded, hinting their problem might lie in the brain rather than the pituitary.
Kloosterman. D A DA; Scahill. T A TA; Hillman. R M RM; Cleary. D L DL; Kubiak. T M TM
The study compared three versions of a bovine growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide. The full‑length peptide (I) was the most active, a version missing the first two amino acids (IV) was almost dead, and a version with a D‑Ala change at position 2 (III) was almost as active as the full‑length peptide. The shape of the peptides in a test solution didn’t explain the activity differences, suggesting the very start of the molecule matters for binding to the receptor.
Bongers. J J; Felix. A M AM; Campbell. R M RM; Lee. Y Y; Merkler. D J DJ; Heimer. E P EP
Scientists showed a reliable way to make the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide GRF‑1‑29 (and related versions) using an enzyme that adds an amide group. The process gives about 75% yield and the resulting peptide works just as well as the natural hormone in lab tests.
Alvarez. X A XA; Cacabelos. R R
A single IV dose of 150 µg GRF‑1‑29 (the short fragment of growth‑release‑factor) helped healthy young adults remember more words two hours later compared to a saline placebo. The memory boost was seen in both people with high and low natural growth‑hormone levels, though those with higher baseline GH showed a bigger hormone spike after the injection.