An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
Dimayuga. Paul C PC; Chyu. Kuang-Yuh KY; Zhao. Xiaoning X; Zhou. Jianchang J; Lio. Nicole Wai Man NW...
The study found that a protein called LL‑37, which can trigger immune reactions, shows different antibody patterns in people who later have heart attacks versus those with acute coronary events. Higher LL‑37 antibodies were seen before a heart attack, while lower levels during an acute event were linked to more immune complexes that can activate platelets, potentially worsening clotting.
Jin. Hui H; Wu. Yiling Y; Zhang. Chuanxi C; Zheng. Ruiping R; Xu. Hong H; Yang. Jie J; Li. Linfeng L
In a mouse study, the drug tranilast reduced skin redness, swelling, and scarring caused by the peptide LL‑37, which mimics rosacea. It lowered several inflammation signals and blocked pathways that lead to skin fibrosis, suggesting it could help treat rosacea symptoms.
Kilari. Geeta G; Tran. Jacquelyn J; Blyth. Graham A D GAD; Cobo. Eduardo R ER
The study found that the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 can quickly make colon cells more leaky by pulling apart key tight‑junction proteins, even at levels that don’t kill bacteria. This effect was seen in human colon cell lines and also in mouse cells, and it worsened damage caused by a gut pathogen.
Researchers used computer simulations to show that the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 can stick to the diabetes‑related protein hIAPP and stop it from clumping into harmful amyloid fibers. The peptide latches onto the sticky parts of hIAPP, both when it’s alone and when it’s already forming small clusters, and also blocks the ends of growing fibers, preventing them from getting bigger.
The paper explains that the skin’s natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 rises in acne, probably to help protect a weakened skin barrier, and that it works through several cell‑signaling pathways linked to inflammation and metabolism. While this shows LL‑37 could be a target for new acne treatments, the study doesn’t give concrete dosing or DIY protocols.
Mataix. Manuel M; Illera. Nuria N; Hidalgo. Inés I; Arriba. Maria Del Carmen de MDC; Martí...
Scientists found a DNA aptamer that can stick to a skin receptor called OR2AT4 and keep hair follicles in the growth phase longer. In lab-grown human hair follicles, this aptamer boosted the receptor, made hair‑producing cells multiply, and grew longer hair shafts. It also raised levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, suggesting it might affect skin microbes too.
Dzurová. Lenka L; Holásková. Edita E; Pospíšilová. Hana H; Schneider...
LL-37 is a natural peptide that helps heal skin wounds and fights infections, and scientists think it could treat things like acne, melanoma and diabetic foot ulcers, but turning it into a safe, effective drug is still hard because of safety questions, possible bacterial resistance, and manufacturing challenges.
El Mahdi. Amira R AR; Melek. Nermine N; AbdAllah. Amany M AM; El Nogoly. Ahmed M AM; Abdel Latif. Os...
A small study found that people with chronic spontaneous hives have lower blood levels of the immune peptide LL‑37, and the lower the level, the worse their symptoms. The research shows a link but doesn’t test any treatment or give dosing advice.
Hanstein. Sophia S; Grochow. Thomas T; Mötzing. Marina M; Fietz. Simone A SA; Hoffmann. Ralf R;...
The study shows that the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 can cut down the amount and activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms in lab dishes, and it also lowers the number of living bacteria in already‑formed biofilms. However, the work is done in test‑tube experiments, not in people, so it doesn’t give a direct recipe for using LL‑37 at home.
Giving preschool kids a weekly vitamin D pill (about 800 or 1600 IU per day) safely raised their blood vitamin D levels, but it didn’t cut down the number of colds or flu they got, and it didn’t change the body’s LL‑37 antimicrobial peptide levels.
Scientists made tiny particles that wear a fake macrophage skin and carry the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37. These particles can stick to harmful mouth bacteria, produce oxygen to help kill them, calm down inflammation, and support bone healing in gum disease. The study shows the concept works in animals, but the technology is still far from something you can buy or DIY.
The study shows that tiny particles (extracellular vesicles) released by acne‑related bacteria can boost the skin's natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, but they also raise inflammation markers. Vesicles from acne lesions cause a stronger response than those from normal skin, suggesting the bacteria’s strain matters for skin inflammation.
Han. Jinyang J; Meade. Josephine J; Devine. Deirdre D; Sadeghpour. Amin A; Rappolt. Michael M; Goyco...
Researchers tested a tiny piece of the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 (called LL17‑32) packaged inside tiny fat bubbles (liposomes) coated with chitosan to see if it could kill the gum‑disease bug P. gingivalis. The peptide stuck well to the bubbles but didn’t come out, so its killing power dropped compared to using the peptide on its own. The coating helped keep the bubbles stable, especially when the chitosan had a high degree of acetylation, hinting it could be used for slow‑release mouth products in the future.
Scientists studied the natural antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and a few shorter pieces of it to see how they affect the clumping of amyloid‑beta, a protein that builds up in the brain in Alzheimer’s disease. They found that the full‑length LL‑37 and one short fragment (19‑28) were best at stopping the protein from forming long fibrils, likely by creating small mixed‑protein clusters that keep the harmful aggregates from growing.
Ansari. Abdul W AW; Habib. Tanwir T; Ahmad. Fareed F; Raheed. Thesni T; Elizabeth. Cynthia S CS; Al-...
The study shows that the skin protein LL-37 can make skin cells release a signal called CXCL10, which pulls in T‑cells and causes rosacea flare‑ups. This process needs the Jak1/STAT1 pathway, so blocking either CXCL10 or Jak1/STAT1 might calm the inflammation.
Gonzalez-Muñiz. Oscar E OE; Rodriguez-Carlos. Adrián A; Santos-Mena. Alan A; Jacobo-Delgad...
The study shows that metformin can help keep cortisol steady while boosting DHEA production in adrenal cells, and that fluids from these metformin‑treated cells lower TB bacteria in immune cells by raising inflammation signals and antimicrobial peptides. It also found that the natural peptide LL‑37 (and HBD‑3) can change hormone production in adrenal cells, lowering both cortisol and DHEA. These results are from lab experiments, not human trials.
Heffernan. Linda M LM; Lawrence. Anna-Lisa E A-LE; Marcotte. Haley A HA; Sharma. Amit A; Jenkins. Ar...
The study shows that different Salmonella strains have varied surface sugars (LPS) that let them dodge the body’s immune cells and the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37. Changing these surface sugars makes the bacteria more vulnerable to LL‑37 and antibiotics like colistin.
Scientists found that sticking the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 onto tiny titanium‑dioxide particles makes them stick to bacterial toxins (LPS and LTA) much better. When you shine UV light on these coated particles, they still make reactive oxygen that breaks down the toxins, and the broken‑down pieces are captured by the particles. This combo also calms down immune cells that would normally react to the toxins, without being toxic itself.
A short version of a protein called TSLP (sfTSLP) can block herpes virus infection in human skin cells better than the well‑known antimicrobial peptide LL‑37. It stops the virus from multiplying inside the cells without needing new proteins to be made, and it works whether you apply it before or after the virus contacts the cells. The long version of TSLP doesn’t have this effect.
Scientists tweaked a natural immune peptide called LL‑37 (specifically its derivative SAAP‑148) by swapping lysine residues. These changes made the peptide less likely to damage human cells while still killing bacteria and neutralizing harmful bacterial toxins, but the effects depended a lot on where the swaps were made.