An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
Reczyńska-Kolman. Katarzyna K; Ochońska. Dorota D; Brzychczy-Włoch. Monika M; Pamu...
Scientists made tiny fatâbased particles that can carry the natural antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 straight into the lungs. These particles are small enough to slip through mucus, are safe for lung cells, and need a much lower amount of LLâ37 to break down harmful Pseudomonas biofilms compared to the peptide alone, making inhaled treatment more practical.
Chen. Ke K; Zhang. Xi X; Zeng. Kaihong K; Zhong. Jiayi J; Jin. Shanshan S; Nie. Yang Y; Yang. Ping P...
Giving kids aged 0â3 a daily probiotic powder (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80) at 5âŻĂâŻ10âč CFU for three months cut down eczema, colds and throat infections, changed gut bacteria in a good way, and lowered certain gut immune proteins, with no serious side effects.
The researchers found that testing the antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 with regular blood thatâs been treated with EDTA makes it look more toxic than it really is. By using blood thatâs had the clotting proteins removed (defibrinated blood), they got a clearer, more reliable picture of how much the peptide actually damages red blood cells. Theyâve turned this into a simple, repeatable lab method that anyone can use to check the safety of similar compounds.
Figgins. Erika L EL; Arora. Payal P; Gao. Denny D; Porcelli. Emily E; Ahmed. Rabab R; Daep. Carlo Am...
Applying a simple vitamin D supplement (the inactive form you can buy overâtheâcounter) together with a small amount of a butyrate compound (like sodium butyrate, found in some supplements) to the gums can boost the natural antimicrobial peptide LLâ37. This combo makes gum cells better at fighting the bad bacteria that cause gum disease and even reduces viral infection, suggesting a cheap, easy topical gel or rinse could help keep your mouth healthier.
Miranda. Eliza E; Bramono. Kusmarinah K; Yunir. Em E; Reksodiputro. Mirta H MH; Suwarsa. Oki O; Reng...
A study on people with diabetic foot ulcers showed that applying a cream containing the peptide LLâ37 twice a week for four weeks helped the wounds form new tissue faster than a placebo, but it didnât lower inflammation markers or kill more bacteria.
George. Rosalyn R; Gallo. Richard L RL; Cohen. Joel L JL; Brown. Madeline M; Okeke. Chidubem A V CAV...
A special cream containing a tiny version of heparan sulfate (HSA) can bind the LLâ37 peptide that drives rosacea inflammation, lowering skin redness and making laser skin treatments easier. In a small study, people with moderateâsevere rosacea who used the cream alongside laser therapy saw noticeable improvement in facial erythema over 8 weeks.
Zuo. Fanglei F; Somiah. Tanvi T; Gebremariam. Hanna G HG; Jonsson. Ann-Beth AB
A study found that substances released by the probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri can turn off key genes in Helicobacter pylori, making the bacteria less mobile, less able to survive stomach acid, and more vulnerable to the bodyâs own antimicrobial peptide LLâ37. This means that adding L. gasseri (as a supplement or fermented food) could help your gut fight H. pylori and boost the natural killing power of LLâ37.
White. John Kerr JK; Muhammad. Taj T; Alsheim. Emelie E; Mohanty. Soumitra S; Blasi-Romero. Anna A;...
A new synthetic version of the natural peptide LLâ37, called CD4âPP, can kill the main bacteria that cause urinaryâtract infections at very low doses without hurting human cells. It also stops these bugs from forming sticky biofilms and can even break down biofilms that are already there. In addition, it nudges bladder cells to make more of their own LLâ37 and tightens the cell barrier, and coating catheters with the peptide reduces bacterial sticking.
Researchers made a tweaked version of the natural peptide LLâ37 called 17BIPHE2. In lab tests it kills human sperm faster than LLâ37 or a shorter piece of it, especially in cervicovaginal fluid, because it resists being broken down by enzymes. It also kills the STI bug Neisseria gonorrhoeae at the same dose and doesnât harm mouse reproductive tissue, with fertility returning after treatment stops. The peptide still needs a delivery system (like a gel) before it can be used in people.
Perez-Perez. David A DA; Villanueva-Ramirez. Teresa de J TJ; Hernandez-Pedraza. Adriana E AE; Casill...
Researchers found a way to make the antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 in bacteria using a small carrier protein called SmbP, which keeps the peptide soluble and lets you pull it out with just one purification step, then cut it free with an enzyme. They got about 3.6âŻmg of peptide per liter of culture and showed it still kills common bacteria like StaphâŻaureus and E.âŻcoli.
Morio. Kimberly A KA; Sternowski. Robert H RH; Brogden. Kim A KA
The paper reviews how the bodyâs own mouthâfighting proteins (like LLâ37) can be turned on by things you can eat or apply, such as certain vitamins, minerals, aminoârich foods, thyroid hormone, and specific light treatments. Boosting these natural antibiotics may help keep the mouth healthy, cut down infection, inflammation, pain, and speed up healing without relying on drugs.
The paper explains that vitamin D helps your body make antimicrobial peptides like LLâ37, which not only fight bacteria but also have antiviral effects, including against COVIDâ19. Low vitamin D means less LLâ37 and weaker innate immunity, so keeping vitamin D levels up could boost your natural defenses.
Aldekwer. Sahar S; Goncalves-Mendes. Nicolas N; Bingula. Rea R; Martinroche. Guillaume G; Lanchais....
Taking enough vitamin D (aiming for blood levels around 75â125âŻng/mL) can boost the cells that make the antimicrobial peptide LLâ37, but the peptide only gets released outside the cells when the immune system is activated by something like a bacterial or viral trigger. In plain terms, higher vitamin D may help your bodyâs natural antibiotics kick in faster during an infection, but it wonât raise baseline LLâ37 levels on its own.
Putneva. A S AS; Karavaeva. T M TM; Maximenya. M V MV; Fefelova. E V EV; Borodulina. I I II; Tereshk...
In young adults with cavities and low vitamin D, taking a regular dose of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) raised the levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and other immune markers in saliva, while also improving antioxidant balance. This suggests that checking your vitamin D status and supplementing if low could help protect your teeth and gums.
Vargas Buonfiglio. Luis G LG; Vanegas Calderon. Oriana G OG; Cano. Marlene M; Simmering. Jacob E JE;...
The study shows that your airwayâs natural antibacterial defense is stronger in summer when vitamin D levels are higher, and weaker in winter. Taking a modest vitamin D3 supplement (1000âŻIU daily for three months) during the colder months can boost this defense by increasing the antimicrobial peptide LLâ37, helping your lungs kill bacteria more effectively.
Nibbering. Peter H PH; Göblyös. Anikó A; Adriaans. Alwin E AE; Cordfunke. Robert A RA...
Researchers made a new peptide called P10 (based on the natural LLâ37) and tested it in four different ointment bases. They found that P10 stays stable and kills MRSA bacteria best when mixed into a hypromellose gel, while it works less well or not at all in the other creams. The peptide didnât harm skin cells in the lab, and higher doses cleared more bacteria.
Menzel. Lorenzo P LP; Ruddick. Willam W; Chowdhury. Mobaswar H MH; Brice. David C DC; Clance. Ryan R...
The study shows that lacking vitamin D makes gums more inflamed and causes bone loss, while applying vitamin D (or its active form) directly to the gums reduces inflammation and stops harmful bacteria from growing inside gum cells. Your gum cells can even turn inactive vitamin D into the active version themselves, meaning a topical vitamin D treatment could work right where itâs needed.
Greiller. Claire L CL; Suri. Reetika R; Jolliffe. David A DA; Kebadze. Tatiana T; Hirsman. Aurica G...
Taking enough vitamin D (the form that circulates in your blood) can make your airway cells a bit more resistant to the common cold virus and may also lower the chance of getting a followâup bacterial infection. It does this by boosting the bodyâs own antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 and dampening the cellâsurface proteins that the virus and bacteria use to stick to your lungs.
In people with typeâ2 diabetes whose blood sugar is under control, the antibiotic clarithromycin makes neutrophils release more of the natural antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 on their DNA webs (NETs). This extra LLâ37 gives the NETs the ability to kill bacteria and also helps skin cells grow and heal wounds faster.
Ramos-Martínez. E E; López-Vancell. M R MR; Fernández de Córdova-Aguirre. J C JC...
Giving asthma patients vitamin D (as calcitriol) for six months boosted their immune signaling (more ILâ10 and IFNâÎł), lowered allergyârelated cytokines, raised the antimicrobial peptide LLâ37 in the lungs, and cut down how often they got respiratory infections.