An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
van der Does. Anne M AM; Beekhuizen. Henry H; Ravensbergen. Bep B; Vos. Tim T; Ottenhoff. Tom H M TH...
LL-37, a natural antimicrobial peptide, makes immune cells called macrophages more inflammatory, even when they would normally become calming types. The effect shows up best at about 10 µg/ml if the peptide is added right at the start of cell growth, and it needs the peptide to get inside the cells. The tail end of LL-37 does the work.
Krasnodembskaya. Anna A; Song. Yuanlin Y; Fang. Xiaohui X; Gupta. Naveen N; Serikov. Vladimir V; Lee...
Human stem cells can fight bacteria partly by releasing the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, which helps clear infections in lab and mouse studies.
LL-37 is a natural protein our bodies make that can kill microbes and also tune the immune system. This review explains that tiny changes in its shape decide whether it works more as an antibiotic or as an immune regulator. For people experimenting with health hacks, the paper mainly offers background knowledge rather than a clear recipe to use LL-37.
The study shows that the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 (and related beta‑defensins) can make human mast cells release IL‑31, a chemical that causes itching, along with other inflammatory substances. This means LL‑37 isn’t just an antimicrobial; it can also trigger skin irritation and inflammation through specific cell signaling pathways.
Alalwani. Sadek M SM; Sierigk. Johannes J; Herr. Christian C; Pinkenburg. Olaf O; Gallo. Richard R;...
LL-37, a natural antimicrobial peptide, can calm down inflammation in white blood cells (neutrophils) while boosting their ability to kill bacteria. In lab tests, adding LL-37 reduced harmful cytokine release, increased reactive oxygen species, and helped neutrophils engulf and destroy microbes. Mice lacking the equivalent peptide showed more inflammation and weaker bacterial killing, confirming LL-37’s role in balancing immune response.
Wu. William K K WK; Wang. Guangshun G; Coffelt. Seth B SB; Betancourt. Aline M AM; Lee. Chung W CW;...
LL-37 is a natural immune peptide that can both help fight infections and influence cancer growth. In some cancers like breast, ovarian and lung, high levels seem to promote tumors, while in stomach cancer it appears to block them. Scientists still don’t know why it acts differently in different tissues, so it’s not ready for any DIY health hacks yet.
Kai-Larsen. Ylva Y; Lüthje. Petra P; Chromek. Milan M; Peters. Verena V; Wang. Xiaoda X; Holm....
The study shows that the natural antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can stop E. coli bacteria from building protective biofilm structures called curli, which helps the bacteria stick to cells and resist attacks. While curli makes the bacteria tougher, it also triggers inflammation. LL-37 blocks curli formation even at low levels, suggesting it could help fight urinary-tract infections, but the research is done in lab dishes, not in people.
Yamshchikov. Alexandra V AV; Kurbatova. Ekaterina V EV; Kumari. Meena M; Blumberg. Henry M HM; Ziegl...
People with active lung TB often have low vitamin D levels, but their blood levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 don’t seem to depend on vitamin D. Higher LL‑37 was linked to more bacteria in sputum and being underweight, not to better vitamin D status.
Dombrowski. Yvonne Y; Peric. Mark M; Koglin. Sarah S; Kammerbauer. Claudia C; Göss. Christine C...
The study shows that the natural skin peptide LL‑37 can bind to stray DNA inside skin cells and stop a inflammation‑triggering complex called the AIM2 inflammasome, which reduces the release of the inflammatory signal IL‑1β. This anti‑inflammatory effect was seen in psoriasis lesions, suggesting LL‑37 might help calm skin inflammation by neutralizing DNA that would otherwise spark an immune response.
Nijnik. Anastasia A; Pistolic. Jelena J; Wyatt. Aaron A; Tam. Sheena S; Hancock. Robert E W RE
LL-37, a natural protein in our bodies, can tone down the activity of the immune signal IFN‑gamma, which normally drives strong inflammation and immune responses. In lab cells, LL‑37 reduced activation, growth, and inflammatory signaling of several immune cells, acting through pathways like NF‑kB and p38 MAPK. This means LL‑37 may act as a built‑in brake on certain immune reactions.
LL‑37 is a natural peptide made by our immune cells that can kill bacteria, attract immune cells, help heal skin, and even promote new blood vessel growth. It’s especially good at fighting the bacteria that cause tuberculosis and similar infections, and scientists are looking at ways to use it or similar molecules as new treatments.
Lee. Chang-Chun CC; Sun. Yen Y; Qian. Shuo S; Huang. Huey W HW
Scientists discovered that the human peptide LL-37 can make tiny water‑filled holes in cell membranes, but only when the membranes are very hydrated. This shows LL-37 works in two ways: it can lay flat on a membrane or stand upright to punch a pore. The findings help explain how LL-37 kills microbes and why its effects might change in different environments.
Scientists made a new protein that joins the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 with a growth factor that helps skin cells heal. In lab tests, this hybrid was better at killing microbes and also helped mouse fibroblast cells grow, suggesting it could be useful for faster wound healing.
Türkoğlu. O O; Kandiloğlu. G G; Berdeli. A A; Emingil. G G; Atilla. G G
The study looked at the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 in gum tissue and found it’s made by immune cells. People with chronic gum disease had more LL‑37 in their gums, while those with aggressive gum disease often had less. This suggests LL‑37 helps fight gum inflammation, and a shortage might make aggressive disease worse.
Byfield. Fitzroy J FJ; Wen. Qi Q; Leszczynska. Katarzyna K; Kulakowska. Alina A; Namiot. Zbigniew Z;...
The study shows that the natural peptide LL‑37 sticks to blood‑vessel cells, makes them stiffer, and tightens the barrier between them, which lowers leakiness and may help control inflammation.
Sochacki. Kem A KA; Barns. Kenneth J KJ; Bucki. Robert R; Weisshaar. James C JC
The study shows that the human peptide LL‑37 sticks to the outer layer of E. coli within a minute, then moves inside and stops the bacteria from growing before it actually punches holes in the inner membrane. It seems to mess with the bacteria’s cell‑wall building process, especially in cells that are dividing.
Into. T T; Inomata. M M; Shibata. K K; Murakami. Y Y
The study shows that the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 can calm down certain inflammation signals in gum cells caused by bacterial LPS and a viral‑like trigger, but it reacts differently to other bacterial signals, sometimes even boosting inflammation. This suggests LL‑37 might help protect gums from some infections, but its mixed effects mean it isn’t a ready‑to‑use supplement yet.
Kim. Beom Joon BJ; Rho. Yong Kwan YK; Lee. Hye In HI; Jeong. Mi Sook MS; Li. Kapsok K; Seo. Seong Ju...
The study shows that a skin‑applied vitamin D drug called calcipotriol can lower the levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 (and beta‑defensin‑2) that are normally boosted by inflammation or UV light in skin cells. This means using calcipotriol may dampen a part of the skin’s natural immune defense.
Zughaier. Susu M SM; Svoboda. Pavel P; Pohl. Jan J; Stephens. David S DS; Shafer. William M WM
The study shows that the natural human peptide LL‑37 can stick to the sugar coating of meningitis‑causing bacteria and block the inflammation those sugars normally trigger, but it doesn’t tell you how to use LL‑37 as a supplement or therapy.
Goo. Jawoong J; Ji. Jae Hong JH; Jeon. Hyerin H; Kim. Min Jung MJ; Jeon. Soo-Young SY; Cho. Mee-Yon...
The study looked at whether people with atopic dermatitis have lower natural levels of the skin‑protective peptide LL‑37 (and a similar peptide, hBD‑2) in skin that looks normal. It found that, in non‑lesional skin, the amounts of LL‑37, hBD‑2 and the signaling molecule IL‑1α are about the same as in people without atopy, meaning the baseline skin defense isn’t reduced.