Furuta. Sadayoshi S; Hori. Toshimitsu T; Ohyama. Tadashi T
In a lab experiment with isolated rat hearts, the synthetic peptide KP-102 (a growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide) helped the hearts recover better after a short period of no blood flow. It lowered the pressure that builds up inside the heart and improved the heart’s pumping strength, without changing heart rate. These benefits happened even though the peptide wasn’t making more growth hormone.
Van den Berghe. G G; Baxter. R C RC; Weekers. F F; Wouters. P P; Bowers. C Y CY; Veldhuis. J D JD
In very sick patients, men and women release the same total amount of growth hormone, but men's release is less regular and less pulsatile. Women respond much more strongly to the peptide GHRP-2, while men have a weaker response. Adding GHRH to GHRP-2 evens out the gender gap.
In bullfrogs, melatonin boosts the production of a brain peptide that makes the pituitary release growth hormone and prolactin. Removing the eyes and pineal gland (the melatonin source) cuts these hormones, while giving melatonin brings them back up. The effect depends on day length, with more melatonin at night increasing the peptide.
Hashizume. T T; Kawai. M M; Ohtsuki. K K; Ishii. A A; Numata. M M
In young goats, giving the peptide GHRP‑2 (KP102) by mouth raised growth hormone levels, especially at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight. Older goats also showed a rise, but it was smaller and similar for both 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg doses. The hormone IGF‑1 did not change during the short test period.
Roh. S G SG; Matsunaga. N N; Hidaka. S S; Hidari. H H
In young male calves, a single injection of the growth hormone‑releasing peptide GHRP‑2 boosted blood GH levels in a dose‑dependent way, but repeated doses quickly reduced the response. Over two weeks, a continuous low‑dose infusion of GHRP‑2 didn’t raise GH much but did increase growth (weight gain) and hinted at higher IGF‑1, a downstream growth factor.
Weekers. Frank F; Michalaki. Marina M; Coopmans. Willy W; Van Herck. Eric E; Veldhuis. Johannes D JD...
In sick rabbits, giving GHRP‑2 together with TRH lifted the body’s own growth‑hormone and thyroid‑stimulating hormone without causing extra high blood sugar or death, unlike giving a big dose of synthetic growth hormone. The combo also nudged the liver to turn more T4 into the active hormone T3. However, the study was done in a critical‑illness model, not healthy people, so the results can’t be directly copied to everyday biohacking.
Chan. C B CB; Fung. C K CK; Fung. Wendy W; Tse. Margaret C L MC; Cheng. Christopher H K CH
In a lab study using black seabream pituitary cells, several growth‑hormone‑releasing peptides (including GHRP‑2) caused the cells to release growth hormone quickly, but they did not increase the amount of growth‑hormone mRNA. This means the hormone boost comes from releasing stored hormone, not from making more of it, at least in fish.
Van den Berghe. G G; de Zegher. F F; Bowers. C Y CY; Wouters. P P; Muller. P P; Soetens. F F; Vlasse...
In very sick hospital patients, a single injection of the peptide GHRP‑2 caused a big spike in growth hormone (GH), especially when combined with another hormone (GHRH). Adding thyroid‑releasing hormone (TRH) slightly reduced the GH boost but dramatically raised thyroid hormones and other pituitary hormones. The study shows GHRP‑2 can strongly activate the pituitary in a disease state, but it doesn’t tell us how it works in healthy people.
Van den Berghe. G G; Wouters. P P; Bowers. C Y CY; de Zegher. F F; Bouillon. R R; Veldhuis. J D JD
In very sick patients who stay in the ICU for a long time, their normal nightly bursts of growth hormone, thyroid‑stimulating hormone and prolactin disappear. Giving a steady infusion of the peptide GHRP‑2 at night made these three hormones start releasing together again, something that didn’t happen with other hormone‑stimulating drugs.
Van den Berghe. G G; de Zegher. F F; Veldhuis. J D JD; Wouters. P P; Gouwy. S S; Stockman. W W; Week...
In very sick hospital patients, giving the peptide GHRP‑2 changed how the thyroid‑stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) were released at night. It cut the normal pulsing of TSH in half without changing the overall level, while slightly raising PRL. Another peptide, GHRH, boosted TSH pulses, but when both were given together the boost disappeared.
Shepherd. Brian S BS; Johnson. Jaime K JK; Silverstein. Jeffrey T JT; Parhar. Ishwar S IS; Vijayan....
In rainbow trout, three different growth‑hormone‑secretagogues (human GHRH, a synthetic peptide called KP‑102, and rat ghrelin) all made the fish eat more and raised their blood levels of growth hormone. They also caused a short‑term rise in IGF‑I and changed the amounts of several IGF‑binding proteins over the next several hours.
The study tested how well a peptide called GHRP-2 (and a hormone called GHRH) can make the pituitary gland release growth hormone in kids. Kids with growth hormone deficiency showed a weaker GH spike after GHRP-2 compared to healthy kids, while the response to GHRH was also lower. The ratio of responses to the two agents was similar across groups, suggesting they act on different parts of the hormone system.
Mogi. Kazutaka K; Li. Jun You JY; Suzuki. Masatoshi M; Sawasaki. Toru T; Takahashi. Michio M; Nishih...
In miniature Japanese goats, growth hormone (GH) is released in regular 5‑hour pulses. Removing the testes (and thus testosterone) makes those pulses taller but shorter, while a drug called KP102 can trigger a strong GH burst and reset the pulse timing. The study shows that both sex hormones and GH‑releasing compounds shape how GH is secreted.
Van den Berghe. G G; Wouters. P P; Carlsson. L L; Baxter. R C RC; Bouillon. R R; Bowers. C Y CY
In very sick patients who were on feeding tubes, giving the peptide GHRP‑2 (a growth‑hormone secretagogue) quickly raised their blood leptin levels—by about 80% on its own and up to 150% when combined with another GH‑releasing hormone. The leptin rise was linked to higher insulin early on and later to higher IGF‑I, suggesting that stimulating the GH/IGF‑I system can boost leptin, which may help the body burn fat and spare protein.
Shepherd. B S BS; Eckert. S M SM; Parhar. I S IS; Vijayan. M M MM; Wakabayashi. I I; Hirano. T T; Gr...
A study in tilapia fish showed that the synthetic peptide KP-102, which belongs to the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide (GHRP) family, can boost the fish's growth hormone levels after a single injection, confirming that GHRPs work in lower vertebrates as well as mammals.
Mericq. V V; Cassorla. F F; Salazar. T T; Avila. A A; Iñiguez. G G; Bowers. C Y CY; Merriam. G...
In a small study of six GH‑deficient kids, daily injections of GHRP‑2 raised nighttime GH levels in a dose‑dependent way, but the boost was short‑lived and didn’t raise IGF‑1. The kids grew a bit faster while on the peptide and showed no side effects.
Van den Berghe. G G; de Zegher. F F; Baxter. R C RC; Veldhuis. J D JD; Wouters. P P; Schetz. M M; Ve...
In very sick patients who have been in the ICU for weeks, giving the hormone-releasing peptide GHRP-2 (alone or with other hormones) quickly ramps up the body’s growth hormone and downstream factors like IGF‑1. Adding thyrotropin‑releasing hormone (TRH) also boosts thyroid hormone release, but it doesn’t change the growth hormone effect.
Okada. K K; Ishii. S S; Minami. S S; Sugihara. H H; Shibasaki. T T; Wakabayashi. I I
In rats, injecting the growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide KP‑102 (a GHRP‑2 analogue) directly into the brain makes them eat more, and it works together with the natural hormone GHRH to boost food intake even further. This effect only happens when the peptide is delivered straight into the brain, not when given by normal injection.
Tai. S S; Kaji. H H; Okimura. Y Y; Abe. H H; Chihara. K K
The study shows that a growth‑hormone‑releasing peptide called KP‑102 sticks to a specific protein on certain human nerve‑cell‑like cells, and that drugs that block neurokinin receptors can stop this binding. This hints that the peptide may work through a neurokinin‑type receptor, but the work was done in a petri dish, not in people.
Van den Berghe. G G; de Zegher. F F; Veldhuis. J D JD; Wouters. P P; Awouters. M M; Verbruggen. W W;...
In very sick hospital patients, continuously giving the peptide GHRP‑2 (or together with GHRH) caused a big jump in growth hormone and a noticeable rise in IGF‑1 within a day, without changing cortisol. The effect was stronger than giving GHRH alone. However, the study was done in critically ill adults, not healthy people.