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Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, Somatomedin C
A 70-amino acid hormone that promotes cell growth, proliferation, and survival, primarily produced in the liver in response to growth hormone stimulation.
Liao. Wen-Ling WL; Wu. Yu-Ying YY; Liu. Yu-Fan YF; Lan. Pei-Chi PC; Cheng. Yu-Chun YC; Hung. Yueh-Tz...
A fungal protein called rFIP-GMI can block the way IGF-1 makes aggressive breast cancer cells spread, by shutting down a signaling chain (PI3K/Akt/β-catenin). This shows IGF-1 can boost cancer cell invasion, and that targeting this pathway might help.
de Sousa. Maria E ME; Gusmao. Daniela O DO; Martins. Marina G MG; List. Edward O EO; Kopchick. John...
In mice, a small group of brain cells that make growth‑hormone‑releasing hormone also have IGF‑1 receptors. Removing those receptors makes male mice grow slower during puberty and cuts the number of growth‑hormone spikes, but the effect is temporary and disappears later. Deleting both IGF‑1 and growth‑hormone receptors in those cells stops the growth slowdown, showing the IGF‑1 signal in these neurons helps regulate growth‑hormone release.
Choi. Soo-Young SY; Lee. Mi-Kyung MK
In mice without estrogen, a high dose of fermented mealworm extract boosted muscle strength and size, improved bone density, and activated the IGF-1 signaling pathway while dampening inflammation. The benefits were stronger at the higher dose (500 mg/kg).
Li. Yinxia Y; Yu. Yifei Y; Xu. Yanxin Y; Shen. Rui R
In people with pituitary tumors that make too much hormone, especially those with acromegaly, higher levels of IGF‑1 are linked to early signs of heart muscle problems that can be seen with a special echo test. The heart strain (GLS) gets worse with higher BMI, lower ejection fraction, and differs between men and women.
Li. Jianan J; Huang. Jingqi J; Gao. Zeyang Z; He. Chunpeng C; Xu. Zaiyan Z; Zuo. Bo B
The study shows that a mix of growth factors—including IGF‑1—can keep muscle and fibroblast cells growing well even when serum is low, and it also makes it easier to get DNA into those cells. This is mainly useful for lab work like cultured meat or gene‑editing experiments, not for direct human health use.
Yazgan. Busra Fırlatan BF; Tekin. Selin S; Sendur. Süleyman Nahit SN; Oguz. Seda Hanife S...
In people with acromegaly (a condition with too much growth hormone and IGF‑1), more than half also have anemia. Most of the anemia is mild and not caused by iron, B12, or folate deficiencies. Higher IGF‑1 levels, larger invasive tumors, and certain treatments (like somatostatin drugs) were linked to a greater chance of being anemic.
Attia. Suzanna L SL; Owuor. Patrick M PM; Odhiambo. Silvia A SA; Mogaka. Jerusha N JN; Ondondo. Raph...
A small Kenyan study gave breastfeeding moms 20 g of dried Moringa leaf powder daily for three months. The moms who took Moringa produced about twice as much milk as those who didn’t, and their babies had higher blood levels of IGF‑1, a growth‑related hormone. Milk nutrient content and baby growth didn’t change.
Nagaoka. Nobuyuki N; Eguchi. Akiko A; Ma. Ning N; Kawanokuchi. Jun J; Yamamoto. Teruhisa T; Tempaku....
In old mice, a special scalp acupuncture treatment boosted brain growth factors, which then raised IGF‑1 signals in leg muscles, cut down inflammation, and made the mice run better on a rotating rod. This shows that stimulating the brain can indirectly improve muscle health and activity in aging.
El Darouti. Mohammad M; Zaki. Iman Sany IS; Mousa. Noha N; El Sayed. Hagar H
Kids with a severe skin disease called recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa grow poorly and have low levels of growth hormone (GH) and IGF‑1. The study shows that poor nutrition, anemia, and especially chronic inflammation seem to suppress the GH/IGF‑1 system. Raising IGF‑1 might help, but the research is in sick children, not healthy adults.
Chen. Meilin M; Ning. Yuye Y; Yang. Hao H; Jia. Jianping J
In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, a drug called trofinetide – which mimics the hormone IGF‑1 – helped the mice think better, lowered the build‑up of harmful amyloid plaques, and reduced brain inflammation and cell death. The same benefits were seen in lab-grown brain cells exposed to toxic amyloid fragments.
Bandara. Geshani C GC; Boudreau. Ryann D RD; Wyatt. William W; Caliari. Steven R SR
Researchers made thin, aligned collagen sheets that contain different sugar molecules. When they added heparin (a highly sulfated sugar), the sheets held onto a lot more IGF‑1 and helped muscle cells grow bigger and more active in the lab. This shows that heparin can boost the muscle‑building effects of IGF‑1, but the work was done in a petri dish using special scaffolds, not in people.
Uzuneser. Taygun C TC; Jones. Matthew J MJ; Sarikahya. Mohammed H MH; Gummerson. Dana D; Whitehead....
A study in rats found that blocking a protein called FABP5 can stop stress from causing anxiety, depression, and a drop in new brain cells. This effect seems linked to changes in IGF‑1 and other signaling pathways in the brain. While the research is early‑stage and done in animals, it suggests a new way to protect mood and brain health under stress.
Cengiz. Burak Can BC; Polat. Sefika Burcak SB; Yildizer. Elif E; Ates. Ihsan I; Ersoy. Reyhan R; Top...
People with acromegaly (a condition with very high IGF‑1) often have enlarged and cracked tongues, but their overall tooth decay and gum health are similar to healthy folks if they keep up good oral hygiene. However, poor brushing can lead to gum inflammation in these patients, suggesting that high IGF‑1 might make the mouth more sensitive to neglect.
Meng. Chen C; Zeng. Yaqi Y; Wang. Jianwen J; Yao. Xinkui X; Meng. Jun J
Giving pregnant mares extra branched‑chain amino acids (BCAAs) changes the milk they produce, making it richer in fat and boosting growth hormones like IGF‑1 in their foals. A medium dose (about 76 g per day) helped foals grow faster without stressing the mother’s metabolism, while a high dose gave bigger hormonal spikes but also raised blood urea, a sign of nitrogen overload.
Wiśniewska. Beata B; Spychała. Sandra S; Piekarski. Kosma K; Golusińska-Kardach. E...
People with acromegaly have too much growth hormone and IGF‑1, which changes bone structure and soft tissues in the mouth. This can make dental implants harder, but with careful planning and good hormone control, implants can still work. Standard titanium implants may degrade faster in the inflamed, oxidative environment seen in acromegaly, so newer bioactive or 3D‑printed materials might be better.
Zhou. Yunting Y; Zhou. Junming J; Ma. Jianhua J; Yan. Rengna R; Yuan. Lu L; Huang. Rong R; Shen. Yun...
In men newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, higher levels of IGF‑1 were linked to better insulin sensitivity during a controlled low‑blood‑sugar test, while hormones like cortisol and growth hormone rose more sharply. This suggests IGF‑1 could be a useful marker for how well the body handles glucose, but the study does not test IGF‑1 supplementation or give dosing advice.
Lee. Hee Christy HC; Shah. Shruti N SN; Koo. John J; Plovnick. Caitlin C; Agrawal. Nidhi N
People with acromegaly, who naturally have very high IGF‑1 levels, don’t show a clear, consistent increase in breast cancer risk. The overall data suggest a slightly higher risk (about 20% more), but the confidence interval includes no effect, and the studies are mixed.
Al-Saadi. Rose S RS; Lewack. Hannah B HB; Phillips. Patrick C PC
In a tiny worm called C. elegans, scientists turned off the insulin/IGF‑1 receptor (DAF‑2) in males and saw their lives stretch out by more than four times, plus they stayed fertile much longer. Turning off the same receptor just in the worm's sperm‑producing tissue actually shortened life, showing that where you block the signal matters.
Alkhamis. Yousef Ahmed YA; Mathew. Roshmon Thomas RT; Alsaqufi. Ahmed Saud AS; Hassanien. Hesham Abd...
Feeding red tilapia a diet with the probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici (2-3 g per kg of feed) boosted growth, improved blood health, and raised the fish's natural IGF‑1 and related gene levels, leading to better disease resistance against a common bacterial infection.
Mathew. Roshmon Thomas RT; Alkhamis. Yousef Ahmed YA; Alsaqufi. Ahmed Saud AS; Mansour. Abdallah Tag...
Adding a small amount of the fruit powder Phyllanthus emblica (also called amla) to tilapia feed helped the fish grow faster and increased the activity of the growth hormone IGF‑1 gene. A higher amount of the powder didn’t boost growth as much but did improve the fish’s immune system and antioxidant defenses. The study shows that the dose matters: low‑dose for growth, higher‑dose for health protection.