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Glu-Trp, EW dipeptide, Oglufanide, L-Glutamyl-L-tryptophan
A synthetic dipeptide that modulates the immune system by enhancing T-cell differentiation, cytokine production, and overall immune response.
Khmel'nitskiĭ. O K OK; Iakovlev. G M GM; Belianin. V L VL; Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Morozov. V G V...
In a lab study where animals with a weakened immune system got a fungal infection, giving them the synthetic peptide thymogen made the infection less severe, hinting that the peptide can boost the immune system and help clear the fungus.
Anisimov. V N VN; Khavinson. V K VK; Morozov. V G VG
In a rat study, regular injections of the synthetic peptide L‑Glu‑L‑Trp (Thymogen) slowed the biological aging process and cut down the number of spontaneous cancers, leading to a modest increase in the longest-lived animals.
Okovityĭ. S V SV; Gaĭvoronskaia. V V VV
The study shows that the peptide thymogen can boost certain immune functions and help protect the liver, but only when the thymus gland is present. In animals without a thymus, its liver‑protecting effect disappears, though it still helps make more antibody‑producing cells in the spleen. This suggests thymogen works mainly by modulating the immune system rather than acting directly on the liver.
Doronin. Iu G IuG; Grigor'ev. V V VV
In a rabbit study, soaking the legs in cold sea water (4‑8 °C) for up to a day damaged muscle and could kill the animals. Giving the peptide thymogen before the exposure helped keep the muscle structure intact and improved survival, but only when the water exposure was under 12 hours.
Zhaboiedov. H D HD; Bychkova. N H NH; Skrypnik. R L RL; Sydorova. M V MV
The study looked at people with diabetic eye disease and found their T‑cell immune system was weak. They tried several immune‑boosting drugs, including the peptide thymogen, and adjusted the choice based on how each person’s T‑cells responded.
Dambaeva. S V SV; Kim. K F KF; Mazurov. D V DV; Deĭgin. V I VI
The study shows that synthetic thymic peptides like Thymogen can boost certain immune cell functions in lab tests, especially making neutrophils better at swallowing targets and producing reactive oxygen species, but the effects were seen at a very high concentration (10 mM) and only in isolated blood cells, not in people.
Chalisova. N I NI; Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Penniiaĭnen. V A VA; Grigor'ev. E I EI
This study looked at how thymus‑derived peptides like thymogen affect rat thymus and spleen tissue grown in the lab. It found that low doses helped tissue from older (21‑day) rats grow, but the same peptides actually slowed growth in tissue from newborn (1‑day) rats. When mixed with another immune‑stimulating protein, the peptides reduced that protein’s effect.
Boĭko. V N VN; Zholus. R B RB; Legeza. V I VI
The paper introduces a new way to measure how well substances protect against radiation damage, using an overall protection index instead of the older dose‑reduction factor. It tests several compounds, including thymogen, to see how effective they are, but it doesn’t give dosing or practical usage tips.
Sharetskiĭ. A N AN; Surinov. B P BP; Abramova. M R MR
In mice, a tiny amount of gamma radiation (10 cGy) temporarily ramps up the immune system’s antibody response and activates B‑cells, but this boost is followed by a later drop in antibody production. Giving the peptide thymogen cuts down this radiation‑driven immune boost, while a chemical called hydroquinone can block it entirely.
Nesterova. Irina V. IV
The paper is a broad review of many immune‑boosting drugs, including the peptide thymogen, and says these thymus‑derived products have shown good immune effects in clinical settings, but it doesn’t give any specific dosing or how to use them for health‑span or performance.
Grechko. A T AT
In a short animal study, the peptide thymogen showed some brain‑affecting activity, changing the animals' daily activity patterns and how they explore, but its effect was weaker than several other similar peptides and standard drugs.
Sorinson. S N SN; Korochkina. O V OV; Frolov. A V AV; Shamshura. O L OL; Fomin. E A EA; Kuzovatova....
The study followed 500 hepatitis B patients and found that people with a mild form of the disease, a worsening course, or weak immune response are more likely to develop chronic hepatitis. Tracking specific blood markers (HBeAg and anti‑HBe) helps predict whether the virus will become a long‑term problem. Giving interferon (reaferon) together with the peptide thymogen early on may stop the infection from becoming chronic in many cases.
Shumskiĭ. A V AV; Pozharitskaia. M M MM; Iurchenko. E V EV
A small study gave patients with oral thrush a mix of injections—including the peptide thymogen—into specific lymph nodes, plus other treatments, over 5‑6 sessions. After the course, mouth lesions cleared, yeast levels dropped, and immune measures improved.
Vorovskaia. V D VD; Dzhaginian. A I AI; Til'ba. I P IP; Ziuban. A L AL; Khabinson. V Kh VKh
A study found that women with pelvic inflammatory disease who received a combination of hydrogen sulfide spa therapy and the peptide thymogen showed better health markers, no disease flare‑ups for a year, and a 2.5‑fold rise in pregnancy rates.
Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Kozhemiakin. A L AL; Volgarev. A P AP; Platonov. V G VG
The study found that thymogen, a peptide from the thymus, doesn’t directly kill flu viruses but can help the body’s immune system fight them better, especially for one type of flu in mice. It wasn’t effective in chick embryos and didn’t work against the other flu type.
Morozova. T I TI; Khudzik. L B LB; Tikhomirova. L A LA
The study looked at how immune cells move in people with active TB, those who had been cured, and healthy volunteers. It found that both sick and previously sick people had abnormal immune cell activity, and that giving a thymus‑derived peptide called thymogen (or thymalin) helped boost T‑cell and B‑cell function and made patients tolerate follow‑up chemotherapy better. The results suggest thymogen can act as an immune‑boosting supplement in specific disease contexts, but the evidence is limited to TB patients and not directly about healthy longevity or performance.
Sëmina. O V OV; Semenets. T N TN; Deĭgin. V I VI; Korotkov. A M AM; Poverennyĭ. A M...
The study shows that two synthetic peptides, thymogen and thymohexin, can protect blood‑forming stem cells from radiation damage, cutting the harm in half at a low dose and helping the cells recover faster after a higher dose. However, the work is early‑stage, done in lab models, and doesn’t give dosing or safety info for people.
Grigoriants. L A LA; Zuev. V P VP; Rakhmetov. B R BR; Eremeev. V V VV; Abramova. Z P ZP; Litvinova....
In a small study of people with bone infection after serious facial and brain injuries, adding the peptide drug thymogen to their treatment helped bring their immune system back toward normal and improved overall recovery, but the findings are limited to a very sick group and not directly tested in healthy individuals.
Iakovlev. G M GM; Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Seryĭ. S V SV; Zhukov. V V VV; Neburchilov. V G VG
A study on submarine crew members who suffered severe cold showed that giving them thymogen, a synthetic peptide from the thymus, helped their immune system and metabolism recover during rehab. The patients gradually improved, with blood markers returning toward normal.
Demidov. S V SV; Miasnikov. V G VG; Chernushenko. E F EF; Osipova. L S LS
In a mouse study, adding thymus‑derived peptides like thymogen to standard TB drugs helped the animals live longer, reduced disease severity, and boosted their T‑cell numbers and activity. Thymogen worked best, especially when paired with another peptide, vilosen, but the research was done in mice with tuberculosis, not people.