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Glu-Trp, EW dipeptide, Oglufanide, L-Glutamyl-L-tryptophan
A synthetic dipeptide that modulates the immune system by enhancing T-cell differentiation, cytokine production, and overall immune response.
Bergeon. Julie A JA; Chan. Yiu-Ngok YN; Charles. Bruce G BG; Toth. Istvan I
Scientists attached fatty‑acid or sugar groups to the thymic peptide L‑Glu‑L‑Trp (thymogen) and found the modified versions are far less broken down by enzymes, cross gut‑cell models much better, and show higher absorption in rats, all without harming red blood cells.
Fedosenko. T D TD; Vladimirova. L G LG; Ivasenko. I N IN
A study tested a sponge containing hydroxyapatite, an antibacterial agent, and the peptide thymogen on gum disease. In lab tests, hydroxyapatite boosted bone‑cell activity and adding thymogen didn’t stop this effect. In 66 people with chronic periodontitis, the sponge reduced inflammation and helped regrow and strengthen the jaw bone.
Rodionov. A N AN; Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Barbinov. V V VV
The study found that a synthetic thymus extract called thymogen can boost certain immune cells (T‑lymphocytes) in people with stubborn Staph skin infections, and that this boost was linked to the bacteria becoming less resistant to antibiotics. After a treatment course, some patients showed fewer resistant bugs and better immune markers, especially when thymogen was used together with antibiotics.
Litvinova. N V NV; Eremeev. V V VV; Abramova. Z P ZP; Kulikovskaia. N V NV; Gergert. V Ia VIa
A small clinical trial (33 people) with chronic bronchial infection showed that adding the peptide thymogen to a broader treatment plan helped normalize several immune markers, like T‑cell activity and natural killer cell function, and led to better overall clinical outcomes.
Furgal. S M SM; Degtiarev. A A AA; Seryĭ. S V SV; Khavinson. V Kh VKh
A study in a military training unit found that giving thymogen, a synthetic thymus peptide, either through the nose or under the skin reduced how many people got flu‑like illnesses, made the cases milder, and shortened how long they lasted.
Rushkovskiĭ. S R SR; Chegrinets. S E SE; Bezrukov. V F VF; Khrapunov. S N SN
A lab study found that tiny amounts of the peptide thymogen can lower DNA damage caused by formaldehyde in human blood cells, while higher doses hurt cell growth. Low doses didn’t cause mutations on their own.
Zhuk. E A EA; Galenok. V A VA
A study gave the peptide thymogen to people with type‑1 diabetes who also had weakened immune systems. Most participants showed clinical improvement (about 94%) and lab markers of immune function improved in about 83%. The authors suggest a dosing schedule, but details are sparse.
Deigin. Vladislav V; Ksenofontova. Olga O; Khrushchev. Alexey A; Yatskin. Oleg O; Goryacheva. Alexan...
Researchers created a new chemical method to turn short peptide drugs like thymogen (Glu‑Trp) into pills that can be taken by mouth. They made five versions of the drug, and three of them boosted blood‑forming activity in mice and in bone‑marrow cells taken from irradiated mice. This shows the concept works, but it’s still early‑stage animal work.
Smirnov. V S VS; Petlenko. S V SV; El'tsin. S S SS
Giving 100 mg of Thymogen as a nasal spray each day for a week before abdominal cancer surgery helped older patients boost their immune cells, cut the number of complications after the operation, and recover faster.
Khedr. Sherif S; Deussen. Andreas A; Kopaliani. Irakli I; Zatschler. Birgit B; Martin. Melanie M
A study found that short protein fragments containing the amino acid tryptophan—especially the pair isoleucine‑tryptophan (IW)—can block the enzyme that raises blood pressure (ACE) and stop blood vessels from tightening up in lab cells and in hypertensive rats. The rats that ate IW showed better blood‑vessel relaxation, suggesting the peptide might help keep blood pressure and vascular health in check.
Morozov. V G VG; Khavinson. V K VK
Thymalin (a natural thymic peptide mix) and Thymogen (a synthetic dipeptide) both boost immune cell activity, like T‑cell maturation and cytokine release, and Thymogen also enhances neutrophil movement and eating of pathogens. They were tested in people with chronic illnesses and immune problems, showing they can help regulate inflammation, though natural and synthetic versions act slightly differently.
Deigin. Vladislav V; Linkova. Natalia N; Vinogradova. Julia J; Vinogradov. Dmitrii D; Polyakova. Vic...
The paper explains that the same two‑amino‑acid peptide can have opposite effects on the immune system depending on its handedness: the natural L‑form (Thymogen) boosts immunity, while the mirror‑image D‑form (Thymodepressin) dampens it. This shows that flipping a peptide’s chirality can switch it from a stimulant to a suppressor, opening the door to custom‑designed immune‑modulating peptides.
Khmel'nitskiĭ. O K OK; Belianin. V L VL; Kotov. V A VA; Liutinskiĭ. S I SI
A study gave the synthetic peptide thymogen to pigs that were losing muscle and found it helped improve their condition by boosting the immune system, and the benefit lasted for many months.
Reznikov. K M KM; Vinokurova. O V OV; Alabovskiĭ. V V VV; Vinokurov. A A AA
The study found that thymogen can help prevent irregular heartbeats and reduce harmful heart tissue changes in several lab models that mimic different types of arrhythmia. It looked at how different doses work and started to explore how it might act in the body, but the research was done in experimental settings, not in people.
Silin. Dmytro S DS; Lyubomska. Oksana V OV; Ershov. Feliks I FI; Frolov. Valeriy M VM; Kutsyna. Galy...
The paper is a review that lists many drugs, including thymogen, that boost the body’s own interferon production. These compounds have been used for decades in former socialist countries for immune‑support, antiviral, anti‑cancer and anti‑inflammatory purposes, but they’re largely unknown in the West. No specific dosing or new efficacy data are given, so the information is mainly a heads‑up that such products exist.
Deplanque. G G; Madhusudan. S S; Jones. P H PH; Wellmann. S S; Christodoulos. K K; Talbot. D C DC; G...
A small study gave the peptide IM862 (a dipeptide) to 25 people with advanced kidney cancer. It was safe and lowered a blood factor (VEGF) that helps blood vessels grow, but it didn’t shrink tumors or extend life meaningfully, so it isn’t useful as a stand‑alone cancer treatment at the tested dose.
Tulpule. A A; Scadden. D T DT; Espina. B M BM; Cabriales. S S; Howard. W W; Shea. K K; Gill. P S PS
A small study gave a nasal peptide called IM862 to AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and found it was safe and shrank tumors in about a third of them, but the research was limited to a specific cancer and HIV context.
Antipova. S V SV
In a study of women with uterine cancer, giving the peptide thymogen (along with cycloferon) helped bring their immune system markers back to normal and was linked to smoother recovery after surgery.
Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Kuznik. B I BI; Ryzhak. G A GA
The paper is a review of long‑term clinical work on several peptide bioregulators, including Thymogen, and suggests they might help prevent age‑related diseases and act as anti‑aging agents, but it doesn’t give new dosing rules or detailed protocols.
Saĭdakhmedova. Z T ZT
In a small study of people with acute pancreatitis, giving the peptide thymogen (0.5‑0.8 mg) as part of their treatment helped restore T‑cell immune function and was linked to better clinical outcomes.