An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
The study looked at how the natural peptide LL‑37, which is high in people with psoriasis, changes the signals immune cells send when they’re in a skin‑like environment. It found that LL‑37 can shift the mix of chemokines (immune‑messenger proteins) released by blood cells, and that psoriasis patients have different patterns of certain receptors on their T‑cells compared to healthy people. However, the work is basic research and does not give clear guidance on using LL‑37 for health or anti‑aging purposes.
Putri. Utari Mudhia Arisa UMA; Raharja. Putu Angga Risky PAR; Situmorang. Gerhard Reinaldi GR; Wahyu...
This review looked at urine and blood markers that could spot kidney scarring in kids with a bladder‑to‑kidney leak (VUR). It found that a protein called NGAL works best, while LL‑37 and other markers are less reliable. The tests are non‑invasive but still need more research before they’re ready for everyday use.
Scientists found that certain E. coli bacteria carry plasmids (small DNA circles) that not only make them resistant to many antibiotics but also help them dodge the body’s natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, which is part of the immune defense in the urinary tract.
The study shows that the natural peptide LL‑37 can push blood‑vessel lining cells to turn into scar‑like cells, a process linked to plaque buildup in arteries. This suggests that raising LL‑37 levels might worsen heart disease, but the research doesn’t give any clear way to use the peptide for health benefits.
Yang. Changcheng C; Li. Xiujuan X; Li. Juan J; Li. Jiahe J; Li. Yi Y; Yang. Jinhua J; Wang. Xuedong...
A new kind of low‑temperature plasma treatment helped rats with a psoriasis‑like skin condition heal faster. It worked by boosting nitric oxide and a protein called FKBP5, while dialing down inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death pathways, including the NF‑κB and LL‑37 signals that drive skin inflammation.
Scientists discovered that a protein named HpaC in the gonorrhea bacterium influences how the bug reacts to a natural immune peptide called LL‑37 and to certain chemicals. A single change in HpaC makes it bind its partner molecule FAD more tightly, which makes the bacteria more resistant to LL‑37 and hydrogen peroxide but more vulnerable to the drug streptonigrin. The protective effect against LL‑37 needs both HpaC and the bacterium’s pilus structure.
Satala. Dorota D; Satala. Grzegorz G; Kulig. Kamila K; Karkowska-Kuleta. Justyna J; Kozik. Andrzej A...
Scientists studied two enzymes from a yeast that can break down important human antimicrobial proteins like LL‑37. These enzymes work in slightly acidic to neutral conditions, aren’t stopped by a common inhibitor, and can affect fungal biofilms and immune responses in an insect model. The work mainly explains how this yeast might evade our defenses, but it doesn’t give direct tips for health‑hacking or longevity.
Lee. Jin Ju JJ; Kwon. Bo Ram BR; Lee. Min Young MY; Byun. Ji Yeon JY; Roh. Joo Young JY; Choi. Hae Y...
The study compared rosacea skin spots with lots of mast cells to spots with few mast cells and measured inflammation signals like IL‑6, TNF‑α and the peptide LL‑37. It found that even though the mast‑cell‑rich spots had more mast cells, the levels of those inflammatory markers, including LL‑37, were the same as in the low‑mast‑cell spots. So mast cells don’t seem to drive LL‑37 changes in rosacea lesions.
Altieri. Anthony A; Lloyd. Dylan D; Ramotar. Padmanie P; van der Does. Anne M AM; Hemshekhar. Mahade...
The study shows that the natural peptide LL-37 (and its modified form) can tone down a specific inflammation signal (IL‑17A/F) in airway cells by lowering a protein called lipocalin‑2 that attracts neutrophils. This suggests LL-37 might help reduce certain lung inflammation, but the work is basic lab research and doesn’t give any dosing or real‑world usage advice.
Scientists made two mouse models of rosacea using the peptide LL-37—one with short exposure and one with long exposure—to see how the skin and immune system change over time. The long‑term model showed thicker skin, more blood vessels, bigger oil glands, and activation of both innate and adaptive immunity, while the short‑term model mainly affected innate immunity.
Habibi. Alireza A; Davari. Aynaz A; Isazadeh. Khosro K
Scientists attached the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 to tiny iron‑oxide particles and found that this combo killed leukemia cells in a dish better than the particles alone, mainly by triggering cell‑death pathways.
Valentin. Jules D P JDP; Kadakia. Parth P; Varidel. Lucie J LJ; Stuart. Marc C A MCA; Salentinig. St...
LL-37 can kill bacteria, but how well it works depends on the tiny particle shape it forms with a lipid called glycerol monooleate. Rod‑shaped micelles are very effective against Pseudomonas, while vesicles or cubosome structures make it much weaker and can even help Staph biofilms grow.
This paper doesn’t test LL‑37 itself – it just looks at how many studies have been published about it and what topics are getting attention. It shows research on LL‑37 is growing, especially in the US and Sweden, and that cancer‑related work is becoming a hot area.
Garcia de Carvalho. Gabriel G; Rodrigues Vieira. Basílio B; de Souza Carvalho. Jhonatan J; Barb...
Scientists tested a light‑activated treatment that mixes the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 into a nano‑emulsion for gum disease in rats. It lowered some bone‑breaking cells but didn’t boost overall healing, reduce inflammation, or rebuild bone, so the extra therapy gave little extra benefit.
Scientists found that soaking immune cells in special fibers loaded with vitamin D‑related compounds makes the cells release more tiny packages (exosomes) that are packed with the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, and these packages help skin cells grow, blood vessels form, and kill bacteria. However, the method needs lab equipment like cell cultures and nanofibers, so it isn’t something you can do at home right now.
Roque-Borda. Cesar Augusto CA; Vishwakarma. Subham Kumar SK; Ramirez Delgado. Oswaldo Julio OJ; de S...
The paper reviews how small proteins called antimicrobial peptides, especially LL‑37, might help fight tuberculosis by boosting the immune system, working together with existing TB drugs, and being delivered directly to the lungs using nanotech. It’s mostly a scientific overview, not a how‑to guide for personal use.
Scientists created a tiny DNA origami structure that lights up when a kidney injury from sepsis begins, and they attached the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 to help kill bacteria and protect the kidneys. In animal tests it improved survival, but the method requires complex nanotech and isn’t ready for personal use.
Gasanov. Vagif Ali Oglu VAO; Kashirskikh. Dmitry Alexandrovich DA; Khotina. Victoria Alexandrovna VA...
Scientists engineered stem cells to make a version of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 called SE-33 and gave these cells to mice. The peptide showed predictable behavior, building up mainly in the liver and lungs and staying there for up to two days, especially at higher doses. Re‑dosing increased the amount of peptide in those organs. This work is still early‑stage animal research and not ready for personal use.
Ahmed. Samar A SA; Luu. Vy T VT; Nsuga. Teresa C Oyono TCO; Burgos. Steven E SE; Kreys. Eugene E; Ar...
The study looked at how the antibiotic linezolid works against Staph aureus when it’s mixed with Pseudomonas in wound infections, and whether linezolid helps the natural immune peptide LL‑37 kill Pseudomonas. It found that Pseudomonas barely changes linezolid’s ability to kill Staph, and linezolid doesn’t reliably boost LL‑37’s anti‑Pseudomonas effect.
Scientists studied three enzymes from the bacteria Bergeyella cardium and found that one of them, called SpBcA, can cut itself to become active and then break down human defense proteins like the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37. This helps the bacteria cause disease by weakening our natural immune defenses.