An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
He. Ye Y; Zhang. Yangyang Y; Shen. Xinkun X; Tao. Bailong B; Liu. Ju J; Yuan. Zhang Z; Cai. Kaiyong...
Scientists added a thin, multi‑layer coating containing the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 to titanium surfaces, making them kill common bacteria while staying friendly to bone cells. The coating slows the initial burst release of LL‑37, which could make implants safer, but the method is for medical devices, not something you can easily use at home.
Hou. Shuping S; Sun. Xin X; Dong. Xiaohua X; Lin. Hui H; Tang. Lingli L; Xue. Min M; Zhong. Guangmin...
The study shows that a protein made by the sexually transmitted bacteria Chlamydia (Pgp3) can stick to the human immune peptide LL‑37, stopping LL‑37 from killing the bacteria and from causing certain inflammation in the lining of the genital tract, while oddly boosting inflammation in immune cells called neutrophils when they’re together.
People with ocular rosacea have higher amounts of natural antimicrobial proteins like LL‑37, HNP1‑3 and hBD‑2 in their tears and eye cells, showing that their eye’s innate immune system is over‑active, which also links to worse tear stability and more eye irritation.
In mice, injecting the peptide LL‑37 caused rosacea‑like skin inflammation, but treating the skin with a specific long‑pulse laser reduced redness and boosted collagen production, likely by changing how skin proteins are broken down and rebuilt.
Suhng. Eunah E; Kim. Bo Hee BH; Choi. You Won YW; Choi. Hae Young HY; Cho. Hyunjin H; Byun. Ji Yeon...
The study shows that in rosacea‑affected skin, the natural peptide LL‑37 works together with UV light to boost a protein called IL‑33, which then raises VEGF levels that cause blood vessels to expand. This helps explain why rosacea flares with redness and visible vessels after sun exposure.
Researchers measured the immune peptide LL‑37 in the blood and found it’s higher in people with bipolar disorder who are in a stable mood phase compared to healthy volunteers, especially in women, but a short‑term treatment didn’t change the level.
Sheehan. Gerard G; Bergsson. Gudmundur G; McElvaney. Noel G NG; Reeves. Emer P EP; Kavanagh. Kevin K
The study found that LL‑37, a natural antimicrobial peptide, actually makes the lung fungus Aspergillus fumigatus grow faster and produce more toxin, especially in cystic fibrosis patients. This means boosting LL‑37 isn’t a good idea if you’re worried about fungal infections.
Gontsarik. Mark M; Mohammadtaheri. Mahsa M; Yaghmur. Anan A; Salentinig. Stefan S
Scientists created a tiny carrier made of oleic acid and the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 that changes its shape when the surrounding pH shifts, which could help protect the peptide from breaking down, but the method needs lab‑level tools and isn’t ready for everyday use.
A lab study found that a synthetic molecule called ceragenin CSA-13, and the same molecule stuck onto tiny magnetic particles, can kill two types of breast cancer cells in a dish by messing up the cells' antioxidant balance and triggering cell death pathways.
Woods. Emily C EC; Wetzel. Daniela D; Mukerjee. Monjori M; McBride. Shonna M SM
The study looked at a gene called VanZ1 in the gut bug C. difficile. It shows VanZ1 gives the bacteria a small boost against the antibiotic teicoplanin, and the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 can turn the gene on, but LL‑37 itself doesn’t help the bacteria survive. Deleting the gene makes the bug a bit more sensitive to teicoplanin, and putting it back restores that resistance.
Birteksoz-Tan. A Seher AS; Zeybek. Zuhal Z; Hacioglu. Mayram M; Savage. Paul B PB; Bozkurt-Guzel. Ca...
The study tested the ability of several antimicrobial peptides, including LL‑37, and synthetic mimics called ceragenins to stop the growth of the Legionella bacteria in lab dishes. It found that these compounds can inhibit the bacteria at low concentrations and even break down bacterial biofilms, but the work was done only in vitro and did not involve humans.
In patients with stable heart disease who had a stent placed, the researchers tracked blood markers before, right after, and one day later. They found that neutrophil (a type of white blood cell) counts rose and were tightly linked to stress hormones and inflammation markers, suggesting neutrophils could be a simple way to gauge the body’s stress‑inflammation response after heart procedures.
Pestrak. Matthew J MJ; Chaney. Sarah B SB; Eggleston. Heather C HC; Dellos-Nolan. Sheri S; Dixit. Sr...
A special, highly sticky form of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (called RSCV) triggers a big but useless immune reaction, damages tissue, and can survive attacks from the body's own antimicrobial peptide LL‑37.
In a mouse study, a short piece of the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 called KI‑21‑3 was given through the bloodstream and it slowed the growth of mouth cancer cells. The treated mice had smaller tumors, fewer cells that were multiplying, and more cells that were dying compared to untreated mice. However, this work was done only in animals and does not give any clear guidance for people to use the peptide themselves.
The study compared two types of MRSA bacteria in Korea and found that the hospital‑associated strain (ST5) is better at resisting the body's natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 (and similar peptides) than the community‑associated strain (ST72). This resistance is linked to a more positive surface charge on the bacteria, and the hospital strain can also dampen early immune signals in mouse cells.
Claunch. Kevin M KM; Bush. Madeline M; Evans. Christopher R CR; Malmquist. Jacob A JA; Hale. Matthew...
Scientists studied a gene called clpX in the anthrax bacterium and found that deleting it makes the bacteria more vulnerable to the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 and some antibiotics. The related lrgAB genes also affect this vulnerability, but the effects are not exactly the same as deleting clpX.
Nhu. Nguyen Thi Khanh NTK; Phan. Minh-Duy MD; Peters. Kate M KM; Lo. Alvin W AW; Forde. Brian M BM;...
Scientists studied a urinary‑tract bacteria strain and found that its surface fibers called curli help it form protective biofilms, resist the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, and colonize mouse bladders. They identified many bacterial genes needed for making these fibers, including some previously unknown ones.
Gupta. Varsha V; Tangpricha. Vin V; Yow. Eric E; McComsey. Grace A GA; Schanberg. Laura L; Robinson....
In a study of kids with lupus, the immune peptide LL‑37 didn’t show any link to vitamin D levels, but it was tied to lower cholesterol numbers. Some children had unusually high LL‑37, and we don’t yet know what that means.
A plant extract from Amaranthus caudatus doesn't kill E. coli directly, but it makes bladder cells less sticky for the bacteria by lowering some cell proteins. It doesn't boost the body's own antimicrobial peptide LL‑37.
Hou. Shuping S; Xu. Rong R; Zhu. Congzhong C; Shan. Shijun S; Han. Long L; Wang. Huiping H
Researchers found that a bacterial protein called pGP3 can bind to the human peptide LL‑37 and reduce skin inflammation in a mouse model of psoriasis. When applied to mice with psoriasis‑like lesions, pGP3 lowered redness, scaling, and skin thickening, especially at a higher dose.