An antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family that provides innate immune defense by killing pathogens and modulating inflammation and wound healing.
The study shows that histone proteins released from dying cells can stick to actin filaments outside the cell, forming thick bundles that make fluids thicker. These bundles are very stable unless a lot of salt or DNA is present, and they may contribute to the thick mucus seen in cystic fibrosis. The findings are mostly basic science and don’t suggest any direct health‑boosting actions for everyday use.
Scientists created a new imaging trick that lets them see exactly how the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 moves up and down inside a cell‑like membrane, spotting it in five different layers. While this helps researchers understand the peptide’s behavior, it doesn’t give any direct advice on how to take or use LL‑37 for health purposes.
In people with the muscle disease dermatomyositis, a special type of white blood cell called low‑density granulocytes (LDGs) is much more common, especially in those who also have lung problems. These LDGs are linked to higher levels of a protein called LL‑37 and other markers that show the immune system is over‑active, which may worsen lung disease.
Alvand. Abtin A; Rezapoor. Maryam M; Parvizi. Javad J
The paper talks about using blood and joint‑fluid markers, like the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, to spot infections around joint implants. It’s mainly about diagnosing a specific medical problem, not about boosting health or performance.
Tehrani. Fatemeh A FA; Modaresifar. Khashayar K; Azizian. Sara S; Niknejad. Hassan H
The study shows that exposing human amniotic membrane cells to the inflammation signal IL-1β makes them release more natural antibiotics like LL‑37, elafin, and defensins, which can help kill bacteria. Both sides of the membrane work similarly, and the treated membrane can stop the growth of a range of lab‑grown and clinical bacteria.
Shahmiri. Mahdi M; Enciso. Marta M; Adda. Christopher G CG; Smith. Brian J BJ; Perugini. Matthew A M...
Scientists discovered that the human antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 changes how it attacks cell membranes depending on the type of fat chains in the membrane: it makes holes in membranes with unsaturated fats and builds fiber‑like structures with saturated fats. This shows the peptide’s action is driven by the core of the membrane, not just the surface head groups.
Lewis. Steven B SB; Prior. Alison A; Ellis. Samuel J SJ; Cook. Vivienne V; Chan. Simon S M SS; Gelso...
The study shows that a harmful gut bacteria (EHEC) makes colon cells produce more of the natural antimicrobial peptide hBD2, but it does NOT increase the peptide LL‑37 that many biohackers are interested in. The boost in hBD2 comes from the bacteria’s flagellin protein and involves specific cell signaling pathways, while LL‑37 levels stay the same.
Murakami. Masamoto M; Kameda. Kenji K; Tsumoto. Hiroki H; Tsuda. Teruko T; Masuda. Kana K; Utsunomiy...
Researchers discovered a new 7 kDa fragment of the skin antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, called TLN‑58, in lesions of a skin condition called palmoplantar pustulosis. This fragment can trigger inflammation in skin cells and also kills common bacteria, much like the original LL‑37 peptide.
Kim. Soung Min SM; Eo. Mi Young MY; Cho. Yun Ju YJ; Kim. Yeon Sook YS; Lee. Suk Keun SK
The study looked at the levels of the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 (and other proteins) in fluid that drains from jaw bone wounds after surgery for bisphosphonate‑related osteonecrosis. It found that LL‑37 was low early after surgery but rose by day two, while other inflammation and healing signals were also different compared to regular bone infections.
Propst. Crystal N CN; Pylypko. Stephanie L SL; Blower. Ryan J RJ; Ahmad. Saira S; Mansoor. Mohammad...
This study shows that the bacterium Francisella philomiragia can infect several human and mouse cell types, kills some immune cells, and is surprisingly resistant to the natural antimicrobial peptide LL‑37, which limits its usefulness as a defense. It also proves the bug is deadly in insect and mouse models, making it a handy, low‑risk lab model for studying Francisella infections.
Castañeda-Sánchez. Jorge I JI; Domínguez-Martínez. Diana Alhelí DA; Olivar-...
When human immune cells are infected with dengue virus, they boost production of the natural antimicrobial peptide LL-37 (and other peptides), but the study didn’t show that LL-37 actually fights the virus.
Kim. Soung Min SM; Eo. Mi Young MY; Cho. Yun Ju YJ; Kim. Yeon Sook YS; Lee. Suk Keun SK
The study compared proteins in fluid from inflamed sinuses (sinusitis) and harmless cysts, finding that the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 and other inflammation markers are higher in sinusitis, while protective proteins are higher in cysts. This tells us that sinus infections trigger a stronger immune response than non‑problematic cysts.
Researchers found that the parts of the LL-37 peptide that changed most over evolution don’t affect its ability to kill bacteria, but may influence how it talks to a specific body receptor. This means the peptide’s antimicrobial power stays the same even when its ends vary, and the evolutionary changes likely relate to internal signaling rather than fighting germs.
Lu. Xin X; Tang. Quan Q; Lindh. Monica M; Dastmalchi. Maryam M; Alexanderson. Helene H; Popovic Silw...
Researchers found that the natural peptide LL-37 is higher in muscle tissue of people with certain inflammatory muscle diseases and seems to boost a type of immune signal (type I interferon) that can worsen auto‑immune attacks. The peptide mainly comes from neutrophils, and patients with these diseases also had low vitamin D levels.
Yason. John Anthony JA; Ajjampur. Sitara Swarna Rao SSR; Tan. Kevin Shyong Wei KSW
The study looked at how a natural gut antimicrobial peptide called LL‑37 attacks different strains of the parasite Blastocystis. While LL‑37 can damage most strains, one strain (ST7‑B) fights back by breaking down the peptide, making the gut more acidic, and thickening its outer coat.
Sugiyama. Yuta Y; Nakamura. Atsuo A; Matsumoto. Mitsuharu M; Kanbe. Ayaka A; Sakanaka. Mikiyasu M; H...
Scientists discovered that a set of proteins called SapBCDF in E. coli helps push out putrescine, a small molecule that can influence gut health, but this system doesn’t change how the bacteria resist the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The work mainly clarifies a bacterial export mechanism rather than offering a new health hack.
Takahashi. T T; Asano. Y Y; Nakamura. K K; Yamashita. T T; Saigusa. R R; Ichimura. Y Y; Toyama. T T;...
The research shows that the antimicrobial peptide LL‑37 is higher in the skin and blood of people with systemic sclerosis and appears to worsen skin thickening, lung disease, and digital ulcers, linking it to fibrosis and blood‑vessel damage.
Pouwels. Simon D SD; Hesse. Laura L; Faiz. Alen A; Lubbers. Jaap J; Bodha. Priya K PK; Ten Hacken. N...
The study shows that the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can trigger lung inflammation when exposed to cigarette smoke, especially in people who are already prone to COPD. In lab cells and mice, LL-37 caused more immune signaling and neutrophil buildup, suggesting it may worsen lung damage rather than protect it.
The study found that a natural antimicrobial protein called LL‑37 is higher in the fluid around the gums of people with aggressive gum disease, but its level in the blood doesn’t change. This suggests LL‑37 is a local marker of gum damage rather than a systemic factor you can tweak with supplements or drugs.
Sorrentino. Rosalinda R; Terlizzi. Michela M; Di Crescenzo. Vincenzo G VG; Popolo. Ada A; Pecoraro....
Researchers found that a protein called LL‑37 can block a specific inflammation pathway (AIM2 inflammasome) in immune cells that help lung tumors grow, reducing the release of the inflammatory molecule IL‑1α. This effect was seen in lab experiments with cells from lung cancer patients.