A synthetic heptapeptide with anxiolytic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effects, modulating neurotransmitter systems without sedative side effects.
Kolomin. T A TA; Shadrina. M I MI; Slominskiĭ. P A PA; Limborskaia. S A S; Miasoedov. N F NF
A mouse study found that a single dose of selank, a synthetic peptide, and its small fragment changed the activity of many immuneârelated genes in the spleen, and a tiny piece of the peptide (GlyâPro) did the same. This suggests selank can influence the immune system and may have antiviral effects, but the work was done in mice and didnât test realâworld dosing or benefits for people.
Siebert. Agnieszka A; Gensicka-Kowalewska. Monika M; Cholewinski. Grzegorz G; Dzierzbicka. Krystyna...
The review looks at tuftsin, a tiny immuneâboosting peptide, and many of its modified versions. It finds that both the original peptide and its analogues often act against tumors, inflammation, bacteria and viruses, and that they could be useful in vaccines or as delivery tags for other drugs.
Kolik. L G LG; Nadorova. A V AV; Seredenin. S B SB
In a mouse study, the peptide Selank stopped the extra activity that normally shows up after a high dose of alcohol and reduced the development of heightened motor responses to repeated alcohol exposure. It worked similarly to an opioid blocker, suggesting Selank can influence the brain's reward system linked to alcohol.
Zolotarev. Iu A IuA; Dadaian. A K AK; Dolotov. O V OV; Kozik. V S VS; Kost. N V NV; Sokolov. O Iu OI...
The study used a special radioactive labeling technique to track how the anxietyârelief peptide Selank breaks down in the body. It showed that after intranasal use, Selank reaches the brain but is quickly split into smaller pieces like TKPRP, TKP, RP and GP. The same method also revealed how a related peptide, Semax, is degraded and that it can block certain enzymes in blood plasma.
Liapina. L A LA; Pastorova. V E VE; Obergan. T Iu TIu; Samonina. G E GE; Ashmarin. I P IP; Miasoedov...
The paper compares how selank and similar prolineârich peptides affect blood clotting, showing they each have distinct anticoagulant actions, with selank showing a measurable bloodâthinning effect.
Narkevich. V B VB; Kudrin. V S VS; Klodt. P M PM; Pokrovskiĭ. A A AA; Kozlovskaia. M M MM; Ma&...
In mice, the peptide selank changes brain chemicals tied to stress and anxiety: it raises norepinephrine in the hypothalamus of both strains, shifts dopamine breakdown differently depending on the mouse type, and lowers serotonin in the hippocampus of one strain. These patterns hint at an anxiolytic (antiâanxiety) effect, but the findings are from animal studies and donât give direct guidance for human use.
Pavlov. T S TS; Sanzhieva. L Ts LTs; Samonina. G E GE; Sergeev. V I VI; Lelekova. T V TV
In rats, the anxietyârelief peptide Selank didnât change normal stomach blood flow but helped bring blood flow back to normal when it was lowered by an NSAâdrug. Tiny amounts of Selank (10â»ÂčÂČâ10â»ÂčâŽâŻM) made the gutâs lymph vessels contract stronger and faster, while larger amounts (10â»â¶â10â»Âčâ°âŻM) made them contract stronger but slower. These effects might be part of why Selank can protect against ulcers, but the work was done in anesthetized rats, not people.
Skrebitskiĭ. V G VG; Kondratenko. R V RV; Povarov. I S IS; Dereviagin. V I VI
In a lab study on mouse brain slices, Selank (2âŻÂ”M) increased the frequency of spikeâdependent inhibitory signals onto hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells, indicating it likely activates inhibitory interneurons, which may underlie its anxiolytic and cognitiveâenhancing claims; however, the experiment was done in vitro and does not provide direct dosing guidance for humans.
Kozlovskaia. M M MM; Kozlovskiĭ. I I II; Val'dman. E A EA; Seredenin. S B SB
In mice and rats, some short peptides related to Selank helped the animals cope better with stressful situations. The benefits varied depending on the exact shape of each peptide, suggesting that tiny changes in the molecule can change how it works. The researchers think these findings could guide the creation of new peptide drugs that are safe and have specific effects.
Meshavkin. V K VK; Kost. N V NV; Sokolov. O Yu OY; Zolotarev. Yu A YA; Myasoedov. N F NF; Zozulya. A...
In mice, the peptide selank lowered dopamineârelated behaviors that are usually triggered by a drug called apomorphine. Its effect was similar to a low dose of the antipsychotic olanzapine and disappeared when the opioid blocker naloxone was given, hinting that selank works through the bodyâs own opioid system rather than directly binding dopamine or opioid receptors.
Kasian. Anastasiya A; Kolomin. Timur T; Andreeva. Lyudmila L; Bondarenko. Elena E; Myasoedov. Nikola...
In rats, the peptide Selank works like a benzodiazepine to lower anxiety, and when itâs taken together with diazepam it works even better during chronic mild stress. Selank alone also helps prevent anxiety that can be caused by repeated drug testing, but its effect is milder when thereâs no stress.
Seredenin. S B SB; Semenova. T P TP; Kozlovskaia. M M MM; Medvinskaia. N I NI; Nezovibat'ko. V N VN
In rats that had their serotonin system weakened, two short peptides called taftcine and a longer version TP-7 reduced stress reactions, made the animals explore more calmly, and brought brain serotonin levels back toward normal. TP-7 worked a bit better than the shorter taftcine.
Czabak-Garbacz. Róza R; Cygan. Beata B; Wolański. Lukasz L; Kozlovsky. Igor I
A study in rats found that daily injections of the peptide TP-7 lowered anxiety-like behavior within two days and kept it low for at least four weeks, while not changing the animals' body weight.
Semenova. T P TP; Kozlovskaia. M M MM; Zuĭkov. A V AV; Kozlovskiĭ. I I II; Zakharova. N...
In a rat study, giving the peptide Selank after the animals were exposed to low oxygen before birth helped improve their attention, learning, and balanced brain chemicals like serotonin and norepinephrine. The drug seemed to reverse some longâterm brain effects caused by prenatal hypoxia.
Kozlovskiĭ. I I II; Andreeva. L A LA; Kozlovskaia. M M MM; Nadorova. A V AV; Kolik. L G LG
In mice, the anxietyâreducing peptide selank works differently depending on the animalâs strain and whether the opioid system is blocked. Blocking opioids with naloxone reduced selankâs effect in one strain (BALB/C) but boosted it in another (C57BL/6). This shows selankâs action may involve the brainâs enkephalinâopioid system.
In a mouse study, a lowâdose thymic peptide given under the skin for a week boosted blood immune cell numbers and activity, and later reduced the number of liver tumors that formed after cancer cells were injected. The effect was seen with very small amounts (1â10âŻÂ”g per mouse).
Povarov. I S IS; Kondratenko. R V RV; Derevyagin. V I VI; Myasoedov. N F NF; Skrebitsky. V G VG
In a lab study on rat brain slices, the anxietyârelief peptide Selank boosted the strength and frequency of natural inhibitory signals in hippocampal neurons, though some cells showed a brief dip before the boost and the effect didnât change much across the tested concentrations. This is basic neuroscience and doesnât give clear guidance for human use.
Chulanova. A A AA; Smakhtina. A M AM; Mal. G S GS; Bobyntsev. I I II; Smakhtin. M Yu MY; Mishina. E...
In a rat study, tiny doses of the peptide thymogen and its variants helped protect the liver from chemical damage, especially a version with an extra Dâalanine at the end, but bigger doses didnât add extra benefit. The work was done by injecting the peptides directly into the animals, not by oral or other realistic routes for people.
In a pig study, giving testosterone didnât change how a glutamateâlike compound (NMA) raised growth hormone levels. Both intact males and castrated males given testosterone showed the same hormone boost as castrated males without testosterone.
Semenova. T P TP; Kozlovskaya. M M MM; Zuikov. A V AV; Kozlovskii. I I II; Andreeva. L A LA
In a study on arctic ground squirrels, the peptide Selank boosted exploratory behavior during the spring and fall when the animals were in a seasonal lowâenergy state, but it didnât change their overall movement speed.