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ACTH(4-10) analogue, Heptapeptide SEMAX
A synthetic heptapeptide analog of ACTH(4-10) that provides nootropic, neuroprotective, and cognitive-enhancing effects by modulating BDNF and neurotransmitter systems.
Svishcheva. M V MV; Mukhina. A Yu AY; Medvedeva. O A OA; Shevchenko. A V AV; Bobyntsev. I I II; Kalu...
In a rat study, stress messed up the balance of good gut bacteria, but giving the peptide Semax at certain doses (50 and 150 µg per kg) stopped that damage. The researchers think Semax works both in the brain and by hitting gut receptors.
Volodina. M A MA; Merchieva. S A SA; Sebentsova. E A EA; Glazova. N Iu NIu; Manchenko. D M DM; Andre...
In baby rats, giving the antidepressant fluvoxamine caused slower growth, lower weight, more anxiety, and poorer learning. When the peptide semax was given later, many of these problems were fixed. The study shows semax can reverse some early‑life drug effects in rats, but it’s an animal study and not directly usable for humans yet.
Maslova. M V MV; Graf. A V AV; Samoilenkova. N S NS; Maklakova. A S AS; Sokolova. N A NA; Andreeva....
In a rat study, sudden low‑oxygen conditions during early pregnancy messed up heart rhythms, and those problems stuck around after the oxygen level returned. Giving the rats a nose spray of the peptide Semax (and another peptide) helped their hearts bounce back to normal. The work shows Semax might protect the heart from oxygen‑stress, but it’s only an animal test and not ready for human use.
Maslova. M V MV; Zemlyanskii. K S KS; Shkol'nikova. M V MV; Maklakova. A S AS; Krushinskaya. Y V YV;...
In a rat study, pregnant mothers exposed to low‑oxygen conditions gave birth to pups that grew slower, opened their eyes later, and showed behavior changes. Giving the mothers a nasal spray containing the peptide semax (combined with another peptide) during the low‑oxygen exposure stopped these negative effects, so the baby rats developed normally.
Volodina. M A MA; Sebentsova. E A EA; Glazova. N Y NY; Levitskaya. N G NG; Andreeva. L A LA; Manchen...
In a rat study, daily nasal sprays of the peptide semax (0.05 mg/kg) given after a period of early‑life stress helped the animals grow better and reduced anxiety‑like behavior. The drug partly fixed the slowdown in weight gain and the heightened stress responses caused by being separated from their mother for several hours each day.
Volodina. M A MA; Sebentsova. E A EA; Glazova. N Yu NY; Manchenko. D M DM; Inozemtseva. L S LS; Dolo...
In baby rats that were separated from their moms for several hours each day, they grew slower, had metabolism problems, and showed a weaker stress hormone response. Giving them a nasal spray of the peptide semax for two weeks after the separation helped them catch up in weight, improved their metabolism, and brought their stress hormone levels back to normal. This shows semax can partly reverse early‑life stress effects in rats, but it’s still an animal study.
Bezuglov. V V VV; Gretskaia. N M NM; Vasil'eva. T M TM; Petrukhina. G N GN; Andreeva. L A LA; Miasoe...
Researchers attached a fatty acid (arachidonic acid) to the brain‑active peptide semax and found that, in a test tube, this new compound can modestly stop platelets from clumping together, which could be good for heart health, but the effect was seen only at relatively high concentrations and only in vitro.
Bobyntsev. I I; Kryukov. A A AA; Shepeleva. M M; Ivanov. A V AV
In rats, giving the peptide semax (ACTH‑(4‑7)‑PGP) by injection changed how the liver handled oxidative stress and liver enzymes. Low to medium doses acted like an antioxidant, while a very high dose (450 µg/kg) raised liver enzyme levels, especially under long‑term stress. A mid‑range dose (150 µg/kg) actually increased oxidative damage during short‑term stress.
Student. Ihnat O Havrylov Phd IOHP; Professor. Serg Y Shtrygol Md Phd Dsc SYSMPD
A study compared the brain‑boosting peptide Semax (0.1 mg/kg, nasal) to a new peptide called NP9. Both helped rats remember better, but NP9 worked better across most tests, especially for early memory formation and reducing stress‑related memory. Semax still showed some benefit, but it was not as strong as NP9.
Stavchansky. Vasily V VV; Yuzhakov. Vadim V VV; Botsina. Alexandra Yu AY; Skvortsova. Veronika I VI;...
In rats, the brain‑protective peptide Semax (and its smaller fragment PGP) helped blood vessels and brain support cells grow, and Semax alone reduced damage after a simulated stroke. This shows Semax might have neuro‑protective properties, but the study is early‑stage and done in animals, not people.
Magrì. Antonio A; Tabbì. Giovanni G; Giuffrida. Alessandro A; Pappalardo. Giuseppe G; Satr...
Adding an acetyl group to the front of the brain‑boosting peptide Semax changes how it binds copper and zinc. The acetylated version binds copper in a different way, makes the copper‑peptide complex more easily reduced, and does not protect brain cells from copper‑induced damage. Both the normal and acetylated peptides bind zinc similarly and get into cells the same way.
Slominsky. P A PA; Shadrina. M I MI; Kolomin. T A TA; Stavrovskaya. A V AV; Filatova. E V EV; Andree...
In rats that had a Parkinson-like brain injury, the peptide Selank lowered anxiety, while Semax and Selank did not change how much the rats moved around. This suggests Selank might have calming effects even when dopamine neurons are damaged, but the study was done in animals and didn’t look at human dosing or safety.
Kolbaev. S N SN; Sharonova. I N IN; Skrebitsky. V G VG
In rat brain slices, the peptide Semax (at a tiny lab dose) made hippocampal neurons fire calcium signals more often, but it didn't change how cerebellar cells responded to acid. This hints that Semax’s brain‑protective effects aren't due to blocking acid‑sensing calcium channels.
Firstova. Iu Iu IuIu; Vasil'eva. E V EV; Kovalev. G I GI
The study shows that the peptide drug semax can bind to metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat brain tissue at micromolar levels, indicating a possible direct effect on these brain receptors, but the concentrations needed are much higher than what’s usually achieved with normal dosing, so the finding is mostly of scientific interest rather than a clear guide for everyday use.
Iasnetsov. V V VV; Ivanov. Iu V IuV; Karsanova. S K SK; Chel'naia. N A NA; Skachilova. S Ia SIa; Sav...
In mouse and rat tests, the peptide semax and some new 3‑hydroxypyridine compounds helped animals survive longer when they were suddenly deprived of oxygen, especially under stressful conditions like pancreatitis. The best‑performing compounds (SK‑100 and IBKhF‑2) boosted life span by about 25‑40% at doses of 10‑100 mg per kilogram of body weight, similar to other known anti‑hypoxia drugs.
Medvedeva. Ekaterina V EV; Dmitrieva. Veronika G VG; Povarova. Oksana V OV; Limborska. Svetlana A SA...
In rats with a blocked brain artery (a model of stroke), the drug Semax and a tiny piece of it (Pro‑Gly‑Pro) changed the activity of two genes, Vegf‑b and Vegf‑d, that are involved in blood‑vessel growth. These changes were opposite to what the stroke itself does, hinting that Semax might help protect brain tissue after a stroke.
Arushanian. E B EB; Popov. A V AV
In rats, the nootropic peptide semax didn’t change heart‑rate variability (HRV) when given in the morning, but in the evening it helped keep the heart’s nervous‑system balance steadier during stress, hinting it might act differently depending on the time of day.
Dmitrieva. N V NV; Lonskaia. L F LF; Bakaneva. V F VF
The study tested a short fragment of ACTH (similar to the peptide semax) in students and found it can shift how their cardiovascular system adapts, especially helping those with moderate activity levels and low blood‑vessel tone, leading to overall better health markers.
Kobylyanskii. A G AG; Zolotarev. Yu A YA; Andreeva. L A LA; Grivennikov. I A IA; Myasoedov. N F NF
The study looked at how several peptide drugs, including Semax, affect mouse embryonic stem cells. It found that these peptides are not toxic to the cells, can help them survive when nutrients are low, and have only minor effects on turning the cells into neurons. The results suggest the peptides are safe in early development, but the work was done in mouse cells, not humans.
Iasnetsov. V V VV; Voronina. T A TA
In rats that had a simulated stroke, giving the peptide semax (and the antioxidant mexidol) helped them survive longer and showed less brain damage. Mexidol worked better with higher doses, while semax actually worked less well when the dose got higher, meaning a low dose might be best. Giving these compounds before the injury also helped the rats remember better in a simple memory test.