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Thymulin, Thymic Factor, Serum Thymic Factor, Facteur Thymique Serique
A synthetic thymic nonapeptide that modulates immune function by promoting T-cell differentiation and enhancing overall immunity.
Ivanova. L A LA
A study on 116 lung‑TB patients found that adding the peptide thymalin early in standard chemo helped the patients recover faster and improved their immune cell numbers.
Pastorova. V E VE; Liapina. L A LA; Ashmarin. I P IP; Kudriashov. B A BA; Zazhireĭ. V D VD
The study found that thymalin does not break down blood clots and, at high concentrations, actually helps clots form, while a related peptide, thymoptin, can dissolve clots in lab tests and in rats.
Kazakova. P B PB; Konokotina. G F GF
Giving the peptide thymalin to pregnant rats that had brain stress helped protect their babies' brain cells from damage and kept more cells alive, especially as the offspring got older. The treatment also boosted protein levels inside the brain cells.
Zaporozhan. V N VN; Khait. O V OV; Li. L N LN
In a study on guinea pigs, a synthetic estrogen caused the lining of the uterus to overgrow and lowered immune cells. Giving the peptide thymalin helped bring immune cell numbers back toward normal and partially fixed the uterine tissue changes. This shows thymalin can modulate immunity and tissue health in this animal model, but it’s far from proven in humans.
Morozova. T I TI; Khudzik. L B LB; Tikhomirova. L A LA
The study looked at people with active or past tuberculosis and found their immune cells behaved oddly. Giving them a thymus‑derived peptide called thymalin helped normalize immune cell activity and made them handle follow‑up chemotherapy better. This suggests thymalin can boost certain immune functions, but the research is limited to TB patients, not healthy folks.
Potapov. Iu N IuN; Pashkova. V S VS; Krutova. T V TV; Khaleev. D V DV
In a mouse study, a chemical called NMU hurt the thymus and spleen, key parts of the immune system. Giving the peptide thymalin (and another immune booster, Reaferon) at the same time didn’t stop the immediate damage, but it seemed to lessen the longer‑term harm. The results are from animals, not people, so they’re only a hint that thymalin might help protect immune organs after toxic exposure.
Potapov. Iu I IuI; Khaleev. D V DV; Krutova. T V TV; Pashkova. V S VS
In mice with lung cancer, a drug that directly attacks the tumor (NMU) also weakens the immune system, and adding the peptide thymalin (or interferon) only slightly helps the immune cells recover. Another drug, methotrexate, both kills tumor cells and seems to boost the immune response, which may help control the tumor. The study shows thymalin’s immune‑boosting effect is modest in this cancer setting.
Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Kozhemiakin. A L AL; Volgarev. A P AP; Platonov. V G VG
The study shows that thymalin doesn’t directly stop flu viruses from killing mice or chick embryos, but it may help the body’s overall immune defenses against infection. It isn’t as effective as standard antiviral drugs and there’s no clear dosing guidance for humans.
Kuz'minskiĭ. S N SN; Popko. V I VI
In rats that were exposed to a synthetic pesticide, their immune system got weaker, showing less cell activity and more harmful immune complexes. Giving them the peptide thymalin for a week helped bring their immune function back toward normal, while a similar compound, sodium nucleinate, didn’t work well.
Cheremisin. V M VM; Anosov. N A NA; Chesnokov. V V VV
The paper describes a small study (9 people) with a rare spinal inflammation linked to lumbar disc problems. Researchers used a special CT scan to spot the issue and treated it by injecting enzymes and the peptide thymalin directly into the spine, reporting improvement in all cases. The method is invasive and lacks detailed dosing info, so it isn’t something most DIY health enthusiasts can safely try on their own.
Tkach. S M SM; Bychkova. N G NG; Fomina. A A AA; Perederiĭ. V G VG
The study compared steroids and a thymus‑derived peptide called thymalin in 50 people with ulcerative colitis. It found that steroids work best when the gut lining is heavily inflamed and damaged, while thymalin works better when the inflammation is milder and the gut is in a healing phase.
Tishchenko. L M LM
A small study of 25 people with a rare autoimmune blood disorder found that adding the peptide thymalin to standard steroid treatment helped improve their immune system markers, and the researchers think this combo could be used in clinics.
Khmel'nitskiĭ. O K OK; Brezhneva. V A VA
The study shows that giving the peptide thymalin can temporarily mess with thyroid and hormone‑producing glands in animals, sometimes boosting thyroid activity but also lowering overall thyroid hormones. In animals without a thymus, thymalin didn’t fix damage to the thyroid, testicles, or adrenal glands. This suggests you should watch your hormone levels if you experiment with thymalin as an immune booster.
Demidov. S V SV; Miasnikov. V G VG; Chernushenko. E F EF; Osipova. L S LS
In a mouse study, adding thymus‑derived peptides like thymalin to standard tuberculosis drugs helped the animals live longer, reduced signs of disease in their organs, and boosted their T‑cell numbers and activity. The strongest effect was seen with thymogen, while vilosen was the weakest.
Cherkashin. V A VA; Semin. G F GF; Veretenko. A A AA
A study looked at three peptide bioregulators—including thymalin—on people with heart and brain blood vessel problems and found that they improved blood flow measurements. However, the report does not give details on how much peptide was used, how often, or who exactly benefited, so it’s hard to turn this into a clear DIY protocol.
Franchuk. A E AE; Benzar. Z T ZT
A study on 73 women with infection after an abortion found that giving them thymalin (a peptide from the thymus) and another drug, T‑activin, helped improve their immune cells and how well their white blood cells could fight germs, leading to better overall treatment outcomes.
Aleksandrova. A E AE; Vasil'ev. A V AV; Lozovskaia. M E ME
A study tested many drug combos on mice with a lung infection and found the best mix included the peptide thymalin. When they tried this combo on 43 people with a tough lung infection, adding thymalin helped stop the bacteria being spit out in stool, raising success from about 30% to over 80%. The research suggests thymalin could boost antibiotic treatment for this specific infection, but the data are limited and it’s not a general health or longevity tip.
Aliev. N A NA; Guseĭnov. Sh G ShG; Khavinson. V Kh VKh; Seryĭ. S V SV
In a study of 60 alcohol‑dependent people with lung TB, researchers found weak T‑cell immunity and higher antibody levels, likely because T‑cells get stuck early in development. Giving the peptide thymalin helped restore immune balance, suggesting it can boost T‑cell function in severely ill patients.
Sviridov. L P LP; Stepanov. A V AV
The study found that attaching immune‑boosting peptides like thymalin to a form of aluminium (aluminium hydrate) makes them work stronger and last longer, helping animals resist serious infections such as gas gangrene and typhoid fever. However, the research is early‑stage, doesn’t give clear dosing instructions, and the safety of aluminium‑bound compounds isn’t well established for people.
Sukhinina. T L TL; Pridybaĭlo. N D ND; Morozov. V G VG; Khavinson. V Kh VKh
In chickens that had their immune systems weakened with drugs, the peptide thymalin (from the thymus) and a similar peptide called bursilin (from the bursa) helped restore the cells' ability to make DNA, RNA, and proteins, especially in the organ where each peptide naturally comes from.